“Chúng tôi tự tin vào vụ kiện nhưng hoàn toàn hiểu rằng đây vẫn là một canh bạc”, ông Aquino nói về quyết định đưa Trung Quốc ra tòa PCA của Philippines.
Một trong những di sản của cố Tổng thống Benigno Aquino III là chiến thắng của Philippines trong phiên tòa Biển Đông. Trên thực tế, việc khởi kiện Trung Quóc không phải quyết định dễ dàng với ông Aquino, lãnh đạo một quốc gia đang phát triển và vẫn còn phụ thuộc nặng nề vào Bắc Kinh về thương mại.
Các quan chức và chuyên gia cho rằng, phán quyết của tòa trọng tài quốc tế 5 năm trước là dấu mốc quan trọng và vẫn là cơ sở hữu ích để giải quyết hòa bình các tranh chấp ở Biển Đông.
Tòa trọng tài ở La Hay tổ chức tranh tụng kín từ ngày 7-13/7/2016 cho vụ kiện của Philippines đối với Trung Quốc liên quan đến yêu sách phi pháp của Trung Quốc về Biển Đông. (Nguồn: PCA)
Phán quyết mà Tòa Trọng tài đưa ra ngày 12/7/2016 mang tính chung thẩm. Philippines kiên quyết bác bỏ các nỗ lực nhằm phá hoại phán quyết này.
Trước thềm kỷ niệm 5 năm chiến thắng mang tính bước ngoặt của Philippines trước Trung Quốc, ngày 25/6, Ngoại trưởng Philippines Teodoro Locsin Jr. tuyên bố: “Ngày kỷ niệm là một dịp để nhìn lại quá khứ, đánh dấu thành tựu của hiện tại, nhìn về tương lai và tìm cách làm việc cùng nhau vì lợi ích chung, vì không thể đạt được lợi thế nhỏ nào nếu vi phạm nó”.
On December 12, 2019, Malaysia made a partial submission to the UN Commission on the Limits of the Continental Shelf (CLCS) outlining the northern part of its purported extended continental shelf in the South China Sea. It set off a flurry of diplomatic notes from other claimants and interested parties. China lodged its objections the very same day. A few months later, the Philippines weighed in. Then China again followed by Vietnam and so on. The salvos have continued for nearly a year. To date, 12 countries have joined this back and forth via notes to the CLCS. This also coincided with a general review by Washington of the U.S. position on South China Sea claims. Secretary of State Mike Pompeo on July 13 clarified that the United States agrees with the merits of the 2016 decision in the Philippines’ arbitration case against China.
Hôm 19/7, người phát ngôn Bộ Ngoại giao Việt Nam Lê Thị Thu Hằng đã cho công luận biết rằng nhóm tàu khảo sát Hải Dương 8 của Trung Quốc đã vi phạm vùng đặc quyền kinh tế và thềm lục địa Việt Nam ở khu vực phía nam Biển Đông.
On July 12, 2016, an arbitral tribunal at the Permanent Court of Arbitration in The Hague issued its ruling in Manila’s case against Beijing’s claims in the South China Sea. Convened under the compulsory dispute settlement provisions of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS), the tribunal’s five arbitrators ruled overwhelmingly in the Philippines’ favor. Beijing refused to participate in the arbitration and rejected the outcome. Meanwhile, the newly-inaugurated president of the Philippines, Rodrigo Duterte, downplayed the victory in the hopes of coaxing China toward a more conciliatory policy and, as a result, international pressure on China to comply with the award has evaporated. The ruling clarified important aspects of UNCLOS and customary international law, but there was never much hope Beijing would accept its findings.
Nonetheless, many observers hoped that over time China might find politically face-saving ways to bring its claims and behavior into line with the substance of the ruling, even while rejecting the process. In the three years since the arbitral award, and since Manila’s adoption of a more accommodating policy toward Beijing, has China moved any closer to compliance? AMTI has compiled a list of actionable findings from the tribunal and assessed whether China’s recent actions are in-line with them. Overall, China is in compliance with just 2 of 11 parts of the ruling, while on another its position is too unclear to assess.
Hôm 12/7, đúng kỷ niệm 2 năm ngày Tòa trọng tài Quốc tế phán quyết về Biển Đông, ở thủ đô Manila có nhiều nơi xuất hiện băng rôn với nội dung “Chào mừng đến Philippines – một tỉnh của TQ”.
On Monday 14 May 2018 the Chinese Journal of International Law, an Oxford University Press journal, published an extraordinary 500 page “Critical Study” of the Awards on jurisdiction and the merits in the South China Sea Arbitration between the Philippines and China. Readers will recall the case was brought under the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) by the Philippines against China and that there was an awards on jurisdiction in 2015 and a final award on the merits in 2016 (discussed in many places including here, here, here, here and here). The Critical Study was produced by the joint efforts of some 70 scholars and is listed as having been authored by the Chinese Society of International Law (CSIL). It examines almost every issue raised in the case – and several that weren’t – and concludes the Tribunal was catastrophically wrong on every single point, right down to how many times the Philippines was allowed to amend its pleadings. Tiếp tục đọc “A new twist in the South China Sea Arbitration: The Chinese Society of International Law’s Critical Study”→
eastasiaforumAuthor: Bill Hayton, Chatham HouseVietnam has lost another sea battle: a US$200 million oil and gas development project — known as the ‘Red Emperor’ development — off Vietnam’s southeast coast has been suspended, possibly cancelled. Hanoi’s hopes of a hydrocarbon boost to its stretched government budget have been dashed. And the culprit is Vietnam’s ‘good neighbour, good comrade and good friend’ to the north.
China claims nearly all of the South China Sea. In 2016, an international tribunal ruled against those claims, but the finding has largely been ignored
In this Nov. 9 file photo, U.S. President Donald Trump, right, chats with Chinese President Xi Jinping during a welcome ceremony at the Great Hall of the People in Beijing.Andy Wong / AP
HONG KONG — President Donald Trump railed against a lot of things in 2017. Chinese construction in the South China Sea was not really one of them, despite his campaign tough talk.
Focused on North Korea and evidently enamoured of President Xi Jinping, the voluble U.S. president said relatively little as China continued to build on disputed islands, rocks and reefs.
A recent Chinese report hailed progress in the South China Sea last year, noting construction totalling 290,000 square metres, or 72 acres. That included work on hangars, missile shelters and large radar and and sensor arrays, according to satellite images reviewed by the Asia Maritime Transparency Initiative, a U.S. think tank. Tiếp tục đọc “The South China Sea fell off Trump’s radar, but he may have to pay attention in 2018”→
Vox_Since 2014, China has been building islands in the middle of the South China Sea. What were once underwater reefs are now sandy islands complete with airfields, roads, buildings, and missile systems. In less than two years, China has turned seven reefs into seven military bases in the South China Sea, one of the most contentious bodies of water in the world.
href=””>United Nations Law of the Seas, which says a country’s territory extends 200 miles off its shores, an area called the exclusive economic zone, or EEZ. Any trade or resources that fall in a country’s EEZ belong to that country; they’re its sovereign territory. Any area that is not in an EEZ is considered international waters and subject to UN maritime law, meaning it’s shared by everyone. Every country in the region, which includes Malaysia, the Philippines, Brunei, and Vietnam, bases its claim to the South China Sea on the UN’s EEZ laws — except China.
China argues it has a historical claim to the South China Sea, dating back to naval expeditions in the 15th century. After World War II, the Japanese Empire lost control of the South China Sea, and China took advantage of the moment to reclaim it. On maps, it started drawing a dashed line that encompassed most of the South China Sea. This line became its official claim and is known today as the Nine-Dash Line, because it always has nine dashes. In 1973, when the UN law established EEZs, China reaffirmed its Nine-Dash Line, refusing to clarify the line’s boundaries and rejecting other countries’ claims.
Since then, tensions have built around who rightfully owns the South China Sea. The dispute has centered on the Spratly Islands, an archipelago at the heart of the South China Sea. Currently, China, Malaysia, the Philippines, and Vietnam claim some part of the Spratly Island chain. They’ve asserted their claims by putting small buildings, ports, and even some people on what are essentially rocks in the middle of the ocean.
But the Spratlys are very important, because whichever country can successfully claim themcan extend its EEZ to include them, thus gaining miles of precious sovereign territory. This is why China began building up islands in 2014. By turning these rocks into military bases, the Chinese are now able to support hundreds of ships, bolstering their presence in the region. They are using fishing boats, surveillance ships, and navy destroyers to set up blockades around other countries’ islands and defend their own. This is all done very cautiously and in small steps in order to avoid sparking a wider conflict.
Since China began building islands, the disputes have not become violent.But tensions are building in the region. As China deploys more of its military to the Spratlys, other countries are getting nervous and building up their own islands. It’s a complex situation that will continue to gain international attention, for better or for worse.
Tại Biển Đông, có lẽ ai cũng thấy hai lực lớn kèn cựa nhau là Mỹ và Trung Quốc. Các nước khác thì có vẻ ấm ấm lạnh lạnh, không quá quan tâm đến vấn đề. Kampuchia thì có vẻ thiên hẳn về TQ. Phi Luật Tân là nước chống TQ mạnh nhất, nay đã đổi chiều. Chỉ VN là còn đứng trong thế cứng cựa với TQ, tiếp tục mời mọc các công ty của các nước đầu tư vào các lô biển để thăm dò và khai thác dầu hoặc khí đốt, tiếp tục lên tiếng chống đối mỗi khi TQ tuyên bố gì hay làm gì ở Biển Đông, trong khi vẫn cố gắng giữ liên hệ ngoại giao tốt với TQ trong những lãnh vực khác, và vẫn giữ ngoại giao thân thiện với Mỹ. Tiếp tục đọc “Biển Đông: Mỹ, Trung quốc, và Việt Nam”→
Bài này là bản cập nhật của bản nguyên thủy năm 2014
Chào các bạn,
Same time next year là cuốn phim Mỹ năm 1978, nói về một câu chuyện bắt đầu năm 1951 giữa một cô 24 tuổi và một cậu 27 tuổi, cả hai đều đã có gia đinh và hạnh phúc với gia đinh, gặp nhau trong một quán ăn, thích nhau và có một one-night affair với nhau. Cả hai vẫn yêu gia đình của mình, nhưng cũng muốn giữ liên hệ với nhau, nên hẹn nhau năm tới cùng ngày này sẽ gặp lại nhau nơi này. Và họ hẹn mỗi năm một lần như thế, thân thiết nhau kinh khủng, cho đến cuối phim… ở năm 1977, tức là 26 năm sau. Các bạn có thể đọc thêm chi tiết ở đây.
File photo of Philippine President Rodrigo Duterte (L) and his Chinese counterpart Xi Jinping. (Photo: AFP)
19 May 2017 09:26PM (Updated: 19 May 2017 09:30PM)
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MANILA: Philippine President Rodrigo Duterte said on Friday (May 19) Chinese counterpart Xi Jinping had warned him there would be war if Manila tried to enforce an arbitration ruling and drill for oil in a disputed part of the South China Sea.
In remarks that could infuriate China, Duterte hit back at domestic critics who said he has gone soft on Beijing by refusing to push it to comply with an award last year by the Permanent Court of Arbitration in The Hague, which ruled largely in favor of the Philippines. Tiếp tục đọc “Duterte says China’s Xi threatened war if Philippines drills for oil”→
Philippines president Duterte says: ‘I will not impose anything on China’ despite fresh report showing militarisation of disputed reefs
A satellite image of what appears to be anti-aircraft guns and other systems on the artificial island Hughes Reef in the South China Sea. Photograph: DigitalGlobe/Reuters
Despite earlier reports, it appears that Filipino fishermen are still not fishing inside Scarborough Shoal. New imagery from October 29 showed a China Coast Guard (CCG) vessel anchored just inside the mouth of the lagoon, where it has been for most of the period since China seized the shoal in 2012, apparently blocking access. At least 17 Philippine fishing vessels were present along the exterior of Scarborough’s reef. This corroborates reports that Filipino fishermen fished “just outside Scarborough’s lagoon” over the last week. There were also two Chinese civilian ships in the vicinity. According to the Philippine Navy, three other CCG vessels continue to patrol near Scarborough. Tiếp tục đọc “UPDATED: Imagery Suggests Philippine Fishermen Still Not Entering Scarborough Shoal”→