| The New Nuclear Era, Richard Haass A Russian nuclear missile during the military parade in Moscow’s Red Square in 2020, marking the 75th anniversary of the end of World War II. Mikhail Svetlov/Getty ImagesThe world is on the cusp of a new era where nuclear weapons are likely to play a more prominent role. Read more on Project-Syndicate.org |
Ngày đăng: Tháng Mười 21, 2022
Council on Foreign Relations – Daily news brief Oct. 21, 2022
| Top of the Agenda Truss’s Departure Kicks Off Another UK Leadership Contest Lawmakers from the ruling Conservative Party in the United Kingdom (UK) will hold a preliminary vote (FT) on Monday to choose candidates to succeed Liz Truss, who announced her resignation yesterday. Party members will then choose from the final two candidates in an online poll next Friday. The victor will become the UK’s fourth prime minister in four years and take the helm of a country rattled by inflation and market turmoil under Truss’s six week tenure. Ex–finance minister Rishi Sunak, who opposed Truss’s controversial tax cuts, is expected to stand for the role. Former Home Secretary Suella Braverman, an immigration hard-liner, and former Prime Minister Boris Johnson could also join (The Economist) the race. Markets have calmed after Truss’s second finance minister reversed her budgetary plans, but the Conservative Party still trails the opposition Labour Party by around 30 percent in opinion polls. |
The right of privacy in the digital age
Human Rights Council
Fifty-first session
12 September–7 October 2022
Agenda items 2 and 3
Annual report of the United Nations
High Commissioner for Human Rights and
reports of the Office of the High Commissioner
and the Secretary-General
Promotion and protection of all human rights, civil,
political, economic, social and cultural rights,
including the right to development
The right to privacy in the digital age
Report of the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for
Human Rights*
Summary
The present report, submitted pursuant to Human Rights Council resolution 48/4,
discusses recent trends and challenges concerning the right to privacy. The report focuses,
in particular, on: (a) the abuse of intrusive hacking tools; (b) the key role of encryption in
ensuring the enjoyment of the right to privacy and other rights; and (c) wide-spread
monitoring of public spaces. It highlights the risk of creating systems of pervasive
surveillance and control that may undermine the development of vibrant and rightsrespecting societies.
I. Introduction
II. Surveillance of personal devices and communications
A. Hacking
B. Restriction on encryption
III. Surveillance of the public
A. Surveillance of public places
B. Online monitoring
C. Human rights impact
D. Human rights requirements
IV. Conclusion and recommendations
2022 Survey of Public Opinion on US Foreign Policy
October 20, 2022 The Chicago Council on Global Affairs
RESEARCHPUBLIC OPINION SURVEY BY DINA SMELTZ , IVO H. DAALDER , KARL FRIEDHOFF , CRAIG KAFURA , AND EMILY SULLIVAN
On some of the most significant issues of the day, including how the United States should respond to Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, Americans across party lines are in agreement, albeit often for different reasons.
Tiếp tục đọc “2022 Survey of Public Opinion on US Foreign Policy”The Sources of Russian Misconduct – A Diplomat Defects From the Kremlin
Foreignaffair.com – November/December 2022
“the Author BORIS BONDAREV worked as a diplomat in the Russian Ministry of Foreign Affairs from 2002 to 2022, most recently as a counsellor at the Russian Mission to the United Nations Office in Geneva. He resigned in May to protest the invasion of Ukraine.”
For three years, my workdays began the same way. At 7:30 a.m., I woke up, checked the news, and drove to work at the Russian mission to the United Nations Office in Geneva. The routine was easy and predictable, two of the hallmarks of life as a Russian diplomat.читать статью по-русски (Read in Russian)
February 24 was different. When I checked my phone, I saw startling and mortifying news: the Russian air force was bombing Ukraine. Kharkiv, Kyiv, and Odessa were under attack. Russian troops were surging out of Crimea and toward the southern city of Kherson. Russian missiles had reduced buildings to rubble and sent residents fleeing. I watched videos of the blasts, complete with air-raid sirens, and saw people run around in panic.
As someone born in the Soviet Union, I found the attack almost unimaginable, even though I had heard Western news reports that an invasion might be imminent. Ukrainians were supposed to be our close friends, and we had much in common, including a history of fighting Germany as part of the same country. I thought about the lyrics of a famous patriotic song from World War II, one that many residents of the former Soviet Union know well: “On June 22, exactly at 4:00 a.m., Kyiv was bombed, and we were told that the war had started.” Russian President Vladimir Putin described the invasion of Ukraine as a “special military operation” intended to “de-Nazify” Russia’s neighbor. But in Ukraine, it was Russia that had taken the Nazis’ place
“That is the beginning of the end,” I told my wife. We decided I had to quit.
Resigning meant throwing away a twenty-year career as a Russian diplomat and, with it, many of my friendships. But the decision was a long time coming. When I joined the ministry in 2002, it was during a period of relative openness, when we diplomats could work cordially with our counterparts from other countries. Still, it was apparent from my earliest days that Russia’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs was deeply flawed. Even then, it discouraged critical thinking, and over the course of my tenure, it became increasingly belligerent. I stayed on anyway, managing the cognitive dissonance by hoping that I could use whatever power I had to moderate my country’s international behavior.
Tiếp tục đọc “The Sources of Russian Misconduct – A Diplomat Defects From the Kremlin”
9 Things to Know About National Climate Plans (NDCs)
October 18, 2022 By Taryn Fransen, Ryan O’Connor, Natalia Alayza and Molly Cal
As countries prepare to gather at COP27 in Sharm el-Sheik, Egypt to advance the Paris Agreement on climate change, attention turns once again to its building blocks: countries’ 2030 climate commitments, known as nationally determined contributions (NDCs).
While the Paris Agreement established three global goals — limit global temperature rise to well below 2 degrees C (3.6 degrees F) and ideally 1.5 degrees C (2.7 degrees F), promote adaptation and resilience, and align financial flows with low-emissions, climate-resilient development — NDCs are the foundation. In its NDC, each of the Paris Agreement’s 194 Parties must lay out its aims to reduce emissions. Many also include plans for adapting to climate impacts and the financial requirements needed for implementation.
Countries must strengthen their NDCs on a regular, five-year cycle. Most submitted their initial commitments in 2015 and updated them by 2021. A new, stronger round of NDCs is due in 2025.
WRI’s Climate Watch platform tracks more than 200 indicators on all NDCs. The new State of NDCs report analyzed this data to draw out key trends and evaluate where the NDCs now stand. The key takeaway? Countries are making incremental progress on strengthening their NDCs, but what we really need to achieve the goals of the Paris Agreement is urgent transformational change.
Here’s what we know and what countries should keep in mind as they formulate new NDCs by 2025:
Tiếp tục đọc “9 Things to Know About National Climate Plans (NDCs)”
CVD 