Về nguồn gốc từ Ba la mật 菠蘿蜜 mà Hán ngữ dùng gọi quả mít

TĐH: Cây mít có tên Hán là Ba la mật, nghe y hệt như từ “Ba la mật” hay “Ba la mật đa” trong kinh Phật, có nghĩa là qua bờ bên kia, tức là “giác ngộ”, như từ “Bát Nhã Ba la mật đa” trong Bát Nhã Tâm Kinh.  Có lẽ chính vì vậy mà người ta hay trồng mít trong sân chùa. Tuy nhiên bài dưới đây, có giả thuyết rằng “mít” là từ Việt cổ blái mít (trái mít), du nhập sang TQ và biến thành Ba ma mật.  Rất thú vị, và có lý hơn là lý giải rằng âm ba-la-mật-đa là người Trung Hoa lấy từ tiếng Phạn có nghĩa là qua bờ.

Phan Anh Dũng
VHNA
Thứ tư, 16 Tháng 8 2017 07:53

Trước hết về gốc gác phương Nam của cây “ba la mật 菠蘿蜜”[1] thì không cần phải bàn cãi, vì chính sách vở và các trang mạng Trung Quốc cũng ghi rõ ba la mật 菠蘿蜜là giống cây nhiệt đới có gốc gác ở Ấn Độ.

Như vậy phải chăng cách gọi cây “mít” của Việt Nam chính là mượn từ “ba la mật” của Trung Quốc rồi bỏ tiền tố “ba la” đi, chỉ còn “mật” sau đó lại đọc trại cả nguyên âm -â- thành -i-, là nguyên âm có độ mở miệng hẹp hơn ?

Điều nay có vẻ hơi nghịch lý, vì Việt Nam là nước trồng nhiều mít, và cây mít nếu di thực từ Ấn Độ thì lan truyền theo đường ven biển qua Việt Nam vào Trung Quốc thuận tiện hơn là qua vùng núi Tây Tạng, vì đây là vùng núi cao và giá lạnh không thích hợp để trồng mít. Do đó tên gọi “ba la mật” truyền từ Việt Nam sang Trung Quốc có lẽ hợp lý hơn ? Tiếp tục đọc “Về nguồn gốc từ Ba la mật 菠蘿蜜 mà Hán ngữ dùng gọi quả mít”

Tân Sơn Nhất lọt vào top 10 sân bay tệ nhất thế giới

Tân Sơn Nhất được trang web xếp hạng các sân bay trên thế giới The Guide to Sleeping in Airports đánh giá là xuống cấp hạ tầng, nạn mất cắp và có cáo buộc về tham nhũng.

Theo bảng xếp hạng năm 2015 của trang web The Guide to Sleeping in Airports, Tân Sơn Nhất được xếp hạng đứng thứ 4 trong danh sách sân bay tệ nhất châu Á. Năm 2014, sân bay này cũng bị liệt vào danh sách tệ nhất do trang web trên bình chọn.

Theo đánh giá của trang web, hạ tầng sân bay Tân Sơn Nhất đã xuống cấp những năm gần đây và bị hành khách cáo buộc có tình trạng tham nhũng. Trả lời khảo sát, nhiều hành khách cho rằng bị nhân viên hải quan đòi hối lộ để được di chuyển nhanh hơn.

Ngoài ra, hành khách còn phàn nàn tín hiệu wifi kém, phòng vệ sinh bẩn và hạn chế lựa chọn trong các nhà hàng. Lời khuyên được trang web đưa ra là nếu ghé qua Tân Sơn Nhất, hành khách nên cẩn thận giữ tài sản có giá trị và cầm một số tiền nhỏ trên tay

Pork in grapefruit leaves: a Muong delicacy

Last update 10:05 | 23/08/2017

VietNamNet Bridge – Many people are familiar with grilled pork, but far fewer have ever tasted grilled pork wrapped in grapefruit leaves. The dish is even unfamiliar to many food connoisseurs in Viet Nam, but not for the Muong ethnic group in Hoa Binh Province, the third largest among Viet Nam’s 53 minority groups. 

Hoa Binh, Muong ethnic group, mac khen, Vietnam economy, Vietnamnet bridge, English news about Vietnam, Vietnam news, news about Vietnam, English news, Vietnamnet news, latest news on Vietnam, Vietnam
Unique: Cha cuon la buoi can only be found in Hoa Binh Province. — VNS Photo Thai Ha

The dish, known as cha cuon la buoi, is very popular in the country’s northwestern region. Bui Van Thao, a Muong resident of Ban Ngoi Village in Tan Lac District says he saw his grandparents making it since he was a child. Previously, the dish was only prepared on festive days, but now it has become a daily family staple. Tiếp tục đọc “Pork in grapefruit leaves: a Muong delicacy”

Rice and chicken: fun, fired up and flavourful

Last update 10:57 | 29/03/2017

VietNamNet Bridge – Rice is not only the staple of Vietnamese diets, but also the major ingredient in many signature dishes.

Hoi An Town, chicken dishes, ethnic dishes, Vietnam economy, Vietnamnet bridge, English news about Vietnam, Vietnam news, news about Vietnam, English news, Vietnamnet news, latest news on Vietnam, Vietnam
Blended flavors: Before being grilled, the chicken is soaked in salt, herbs as well as ground mac khen grain (a type of pepper), chili and lemongrass. —VNA/VNS Photo Huong Vien

Besides the better known ubiquitous stir fried rice, the chicken rice of Hoi An Town and the rice cooked with coconut typical of the south, com lam is a feature of traditional festivals of several ethnic groups. These include the Tay, Dao, Muong, Nung, Thai in some northern mountain provinces like Cao Bang, Son La, Yen Bai, Lao Cai and Hoa Binh, as well as in the Central Highlands provinces.

There is no official document indicating the origin of this dish. But based on its name, it is said to have originated in the Thai ethnic community of Viet Nam. In the Thai language, lam means “grill”, indicating the cooking method. While lam in the Viet language means “green blue”, a reference to the colour of the bamboo tube covering the dish.

It is said the ethnic people who lived in remote mountainous areas often went to the forest to gather wood for cooking or building houses. These long-distance trips could take several days, and the men would bring along rice, salt and a knife as basic necessities. As they also had to find a way of cooking without a pot people eventually discovered how to grill rice in a bamboo tube. Tiếp tục đọc “Rice and chicken: fun, fired up and flavourful”

406 SOEs approved for divestment in 2017-2020

Last update 14:00 | 23/08/2017

Deputy Prime Minister Vuong Dinh Hue has approved a list of 406 State-owned enterprises (SOEs) marked for divestment from now until 2020.

vietnam economy, business news, vn news, vietnamnet bridge, english news, Vietnam news, news Vietnam, vietnamnet news, vn news, Vietnam net news, Vietnam latest news, Vietnam breaking news, seafood, MOIT

The divestment list, proposed by the Ministry of Planning and Investment, aims to raise funds for the nation’s public investment plan for the 2016-20 period, and advance the SOE restructuring process.

Under the new schedule, the State will divest from 135 businesses this year, 181 in 2018, 62 in 2019 and 28 in 2020. The total face value divestment from 2017 to 2020 are estimated at VND64.46 trillion (US$2.82 billion). Tiếp tục đọc “406 SOEs approved for divestment in 2017-2020”

4 sentenced to death for drug trafficking

VietNamNet Bridge – The People’s Court in Ha Noị has sentenced four men to death for illegally transporting 75 bricks of heroin.

Illegally transporting bricks of heroin, sentenced to death, drug trafficking, Vietnam economy, Vietnamnet bridge, English news about Vietnam, Vietnam news, news about Vietnam, English news, Vietnamnet news, latest news on Vietnam, Vietnam
The People’s Court in Ha Noị on Thursday sentenced four men to death for illegally transporting 75 bricks of heroin. – VNA/VNS Photo

They are Tran Van Dong, 26, and Tran Van Truong, 32, residents of Ea Kar District in the Central Highlands province of Dak Lak; and Nguyen Minh Truong, 20, and Nguyen Trieu Vy, 21, from Cam Lam and Cam Ranh District in the central province of Khanh Hoa.

According to indictment, on April 14, 2016, the drug prevention police under the Ministry of Public Security found Vy and Truong behaving suspiciously while driving a motorbike. The police asked them to stop and seized 30 bricks of heroin. Tiếp tục đọc “4 sentenced to death for drug trafficking”

US, EU investors still hesitant: experts

Last update 15:00 | 23/08/2017

Unresolved issues in Vietnam’s regulations and the business environment have resulted in relatively low FDI inflows from US and European multinational companies, experts say.

vietnam economy, business news, vn news, vietnamnet bridge, english news, Vietnam news, news Vietnam, vietnamnet news, vn news, Vietnam net news, Vietnam latest news, Vietnam breaking news, FDI, South Korea, FIA

According to the Foreign Investment Agency (FIA) under the Ministry of Planning and Investment (MPI), as of July 2017, US companies had invested US$9.3 billion in Vietnam and the major EU nations of France and Germany registering US$2.8 billion and US$1.6 billion, respectively.

The US stands at number nine on the list of countries and territories investing in Vietnam, way behind the number 1 investor, the Republic of Korea, at US$55.3 billion, or Japan at number 2 with US$46.5 billion and Singapore at number 3 with US$41.6 billion. Tiếp tục đọc “US, EU investors still hesitant: experts”

Build, operate and transfer transport projects criticised for lack of tendering

Last update 17:00 | 23/08/2017

Most build, operate and transfer projects in the transport sector have appointed contractors and not gone through tendering.

vietnam economy, business news, vn news, vietnamnet bridge, english news, Vietnam news, news Vietnam, vietnamnet news, vn news, Vietnam net news, Vietnam latest news, Vietnam breaking news, Cai Lay, BOT, MOT

Build, operate and transfer (BOT) projects have made headlines due to continual problems. Cai Lay BOT project has faced strong opposition from drivers due to its high fees. To oppose the fees, drivers used small notes, costing more time for the station officers for the fee collection.

The public has raised concerns about problems of BOT toll station projects in Vietnam. However, the Ministry of Transport ignored criticism and tried to defend the tolls. Tiếp tục đọc “Build, operate and transfer transport projects criticised for lack of tendering”

New book describes the fight to protect Son Tra Nature Reserve

VietNamNet Bridge – Son Tra Nature Reserve, just 10km away from downtown Da Nang, is home to incredible biodiversity, but rapid development threatens the plant and animal life there. The story of the local people fighting to protect Son Tra has never been told — until now.

Son Tra Nature Reserve, protect, Vietnam economy, Vietnamnet bridge, English news about Vietnam, Vietnam news, news about Vietnam, English news, Vietnamnet news, latest news on Vietnam, Vietnam
The cover of Ky Su Son Tra (Notes of Son Tra). The book on the history and rich biodiversity of the Son Tra Nature Reserve, by Bui Cong Dung, will be published this September.

Bui Cong Dung will publish a 320-page book, Ky Su Son Tra (Notes of Son Tra), on the history and rich biodiversity of the Son Tra Nature Reserve this September.

The local-born writer told Viet Nam News the Notes had been written in the five months since the illegal construction of a villa project was discovered by local residents in March 2017. Unfortunately, the villa project was not unprecedented: over the past two decades, development has encroached on the reserve.

Son Tra is known for its rich biodiversity, with 287 animal species and 985 plant species. Since 1977, the reserve has shrunk from more than 4,400ha to 2,500ha to make room for dozens of resorts and hotels in the area.

Dung said the Notes focuses on efforts made by generations of Da Nang people to protect the uniquely rich biodiversity in Son Tra Peninsula during wars and peace. It also describes how local people have fought against property developers seeking to exploit natural resources in the reserve – which is home to more than 1,300 endangered red-shanked douc langurs (Pygathrix nemaeus).

Dung, 67, has previously published five books, including three novels in topic of anti-corruption in the last five years. The latest novel, The Dug-out, was published in 2015.

Josh Kempinski, director of Fauna and Flora International (FFI), said in the book’s foreword: “With its rich biodiversity, Son Tra is really a unique place in the world that Da Nang should protect. The city could develop tourism from the rich biodiversity and sustainable development of the reserve. The development plan of the Son Tra that is based on nature conservation is common in the world. But all actions and activities in the area must respect the natural value and the interaction of people and nature.”

Dan Ringelstein from the US-based Skidmore, Owings & Merill Planning and Architecture company wrote in the foreword: “Too many resorts and restaurants were built in the Son Tra mountainside. The Son Tra is a sensitive site of Da Nang. The city has many land areas to develop before thinking of building in the Son Tra. You should respect the Son Tra Mountain as a national treasure, a place to conserve endangered wildlife species and a centre of biodiversity research.”

Son Tra Nature Reserve, protect, Vietnam economy, Vietnamnet bridge, English news about Vietnam, Vietnam news, news about Vietnam, English news, Vietnamnet news, latest news on Vietnam, Vietnam
Author Bui Cong Dung of Da Nang Writers’ Association. — Photos courtesy of Bui Cong Dung

Source: VNS

related news

Technology turns cashew-nut shells into “gold”

Last update 13:22 | 17/08/2017

VietNamNet Bridge – Carnadol is much more valuable than raw cashew oil which can bring profits of at least VND2 million per ton.

vietnam economy, business news, vn news, vietnamnet bridge, english news, Vietnam news, news Vietnam, vietnamnet news, vn news, Vietnam net news, Vietnam latest news, Vietnam breaking news, cashew nut, Carnadol, fuel

Cardanol is a natural phenol obtained from anacardic acid, the main element of cashew nut shell oil. The oil is highly effective against metal corrosion and is used in many industries.

Cashew nuts are one of Vietnam’s important industrial crops. According to the 2013 statistical yearbook, the total output of cashew in Vietnam reached 289,900 tons.

However, after harvesting and processing of cashew nuts, the shells have usually been thrown away. Scientists believe that if the shells can be properly treated, the waste will turn into ‘gold’ and bring high profits. Tiếp tục đọc “Technology turns cashew-nut shells into “gold””

More fish die as extirpative exploitation continues

Last update 08:27 | 21/08/2017
VietNamNet Bridge – Fishermen’s use of extirpative equipment, including explosive and small-mesh nets, is causing the disappearance of many aquatic species.

vietnam economy, business news, vn news, vietnamnet bridge, english news, Vietnam news, news Vietnam, vietnamnet news, vn news, Vietnam net news, Vietnam latest news, Vietnam breaking news, trawler, fishing, central region

At night, 10 trawlers gather in the Binh Chau coastal waters in Quang Ngai province to catch all kinds of aquatic creatures, including the smallest fish and shrimp the activity damages coral reefs.

“Our fishing nets and fish cages are also ‘swept away’ by trawlers. If you complain about that, you will be threatened with death,” said Nguyen Van Bay in An Hai commune of Ly Son district.

The Tam Giang – Cau Hai Lagoon, covering 22,000 hectares, which crosses five districts and communes of Thua Thien – Hue province, has plentiful aquatic resources. There are 15,000 people living on aquaculture and fishery.

Truong Viet Phuong, one of the local fishermen, said there were many fish and it was easy to fish to earn a living. However, fish resources are declining and he now catches several kilos every day.

Dang Viet Nuoc, deputy chair of the Quang An commune, said local men usually hover around lagoon areas, mostly in September and October, and use 500V electricity to catch fish.

Fishermen’s use of extirpative equipment, including explosive and small-mesh nets, is causing the disappearance of many aquatic species.

“The men just need 15 minutes to catch all aquatic creatures because they use extirpative equipment,” he explained.

The destructive fishing has seriously affected the aquatic resources in the localities and caused pollution. Tiếp tục đọc “More fish die as extirpative exploitation continues”

Foreign chains a launchpad for Vietnam goods to reach world market

Last update 08:00 | 23/08/2017
VietNamNet Bridge – More and more Vietnamese enterprises are exporting goods via foreign supermarket chains.  

vietnam economy, business news, vn news, vietnamnet bridge, english news, Vietnam news, news Vietnam, vietnamnet news, vn news, Vietnam net news, Vietnam latest news, Vietnam breaking news, AEC, import tariff cut, export turnover

In late June, Luc Ngan litchis were on sale at Tops and Central Food Hall, the food retail chain owned by Central Group, in Bangkok.

Also in the month, Lotte Mart exported consignments of food products, washing liquid and kitchenware from the Choice L brand, worth VND1 billion, to Myanmar. Tiếp tục đọc “Foreign chains a launchpad for Vietnam goods to reach world market”

Shipping firms engulfed in difficulties, report losses

Last update 16:00 | 22/08/2017
VietNamNet Bridge – More shipping firms have reported losses for 2016 and the first months of 2017 as the freight rate and the demand for goods transport have dropped to a 10-year low.vietnam economy, business news, vn news, vietnamnet bridge, english news, Vietnam news, news Vietnam, vietnamnet news, vn news, Vietnam net news, Vietnam latest news, Vietnam breaking news, shipping firms, Vietfracht, Vinalines

Vinafco’s Q2 financial report showed that the company’s business performance continued to decline in the first six months of the year.

The revenue from sales and service in the second quarter was VND257 billion, a decrease of 2.4 percent compared with the same period last year.

The gross profit decrease was blamed on a higher freight rate and financial costs. The storehouse which has just been put into operation does not run at full capacity. Tiếp tục đọc “Shipping firms engulfed in difficulties, report losses”

In Vietnam, the Best Education Can Lead to Worse Job Prospects

 

August 20, 2017, 5:00 PM EDT
  • Unemployment among college graduates is highest in nation
  • Vietnam’s education system may slow future economic growth

Nguyen Van Duc graduated two years ago with a bachelor’s degree in economics from one of Vietnam’s best universities. Today, he earns about $250 a month as a motorbike taxi driver in Hanoi.

Duc, whose parents took second jobs so he could be the only one of three children to attend college, is among thousands of Vietnamese college graduates who can’t land jobs in their chosen field, even though the nation’s unemployment rate is just 2.3 percent. Tiếp tục đọc “In Vietnam, the Best Education Can Lead to Worse Job Prospects”