Conversations on Vietnam Development
“by Elliott Abrams
How much reliance should be placed on the major international human rights NGOs? Can they be trusted to work without bias? How are they governed?
These are subjects I discussed recently in a short paper done for the Council on Foreign Relations’ Diamonstein-Spielvogel Project on the Future of Democracy. It is entitled Human Rights NGOs: “Quis custodiet ipsos custodes?” and can be found here.
Tiếp tục đọc “Human Rights NGOs: “Quis custodiet ipsos custodes?””
GENEVA (AP) — The head of the U.N. refugee agency says “Europe should be much more worried” that more people from Africa’s Sahel region could seek to move north to escape violence, climate crises like droughts and floods and the impact of growing food shortages caused by Russia’s invasion of Ukraine.Filippo Grandi, the U.N. High Commissioner for Refugees, called for more efforts to build peace in the world as conflicts and crises like those in Ukraine, Venezuela, Myanmar, Syria and beyond have driven over 100 million people to leave their homes — both within their own countries and abroad.
UNHCR, the U.N.’s refugee agency, on Thursday issued its latest “Global Trends” report, which found over 89 million people had been displaced by conflict, climate change, violence and human rights abuses by 2021. The figure has since swelled after at least 12 million people fled their homes in Ukraine to other parts of the country or abroad following Russia’s Feb. 24 invasion.
This year, the world is also facing growing food insecurity — Ukraine is a key European breadbasket and the war has greatly hurt grain exports
The African Union, whose continent relies on imports of wheat and other food from Ukraine, has appealed for help to access grain that is blocked in Ukrainian silos and unable to leave Ukrainian ports amid a Russian naval blockade in the Black Sea.
By Robbie Gramer, a diplomacy and national security reporter at Foreign Policy, and Amy Mackinnon, a national security and intelligence reporter at Foreign Policy.
JUNE 10, 2022, 3:48 PM
As Russia continues its assault on Ukraine, top Biden administration officials are working behind the scenes with the Ukrainian government and European allies to document a tsunami of war crimes allegedly committed by Russian forces.
How the world is dealing with Russia’s invasion of Ukraine.
But the sheer volume of the documented war crime cases could be too overwhelming for Ukraine’s justice system as well as for the International Criminal Court (ICC), raising questions of how many cases will be brought to trial and how many accused Russian war criminals could ultimately face justice.
Tiếp tục đọc “Ukraine’s ‘Nuremberg Moment’ Amid Flood of Alleged Russian War Crimes”
Dịch sang tiếng Việt: PhạmThu Hương & Trần Đình Hoành
| Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court | Đạo luật Rome của Tòa Hình sự Quốc tế |
| PREAMBLE | DẪN NHẬP |
The States Parties to this Statute, Conscious that all peoples are united by common bonds, their cultures pieced together in a shared heritage, and concerned that this delicate mosaic may be shattered at any time, Mindful that during this century millions of children, women and men have been victims of unimaginable atrocities that deeply shock the conscience of humanity, Recognizing that such grave crimes threaten the peace, security and well-being of the world, Affirming that the most serious crimes of concern to the international community as a whole must not go unpunished and that their effective prosecution must be ensured by taking measures at the national level and by enhancing international cooperation, Determined to put an end to impunity for the perpetrators of these crimes and thus to contribute to the prevention of such crimes, Recalling that it is the duty of every State to exercise its criminal jurisdiction over those responsible for international crimes, Reaffirming the Purposes and Principles of the Charter of the United Nations, and in particular that all States shall refrain from the threat or use of force against the territorial integrity or political independence of any State, or in any other manner inconsistent with the Purposes of the United Nations, Emphasizing in this connection that nothing in this Statute shall be taken as authorizing any State Party to intervene in an armed conflict or in the internal affairs of any State, Determined to these ends and for the sake of present and future generations, to establish an independent permanent International Criminal Court in relationship with the United Nations system, with jurisdiction over the most serious crimes of concern to the international community as a whole, Emphasizing that the International Criminal Court established under this Statute shall be complementary to national criminal jurisdictions, Resolved to guarantee lasting respect for and the enforcement of international justice, Have agreed as follows: | Các Quốc gia Thành viên của Đạo luật này, Ý thức rằng mọi dân tộc hợp nhất với nhau bằng những liên kết chung, văn hóa của họ hợp lại với nhau trong một di sản chung, và đều lo ngại bức tranh tinh xảo này có thể bị vỡ bất kỳ lúc nào, Quan tâm rằng trong thế kỷ này, hàng triệu trẻ em, phụ nữ và đàn ông là nạn nhân của những tàn ác không thể tưởng tượng nổi, gây sốc dữ dội cho lương tâm nhân loại, Thừa nhận rằng những hình tội nghiêm trọng như vậy đe dọa hòa bình, an ninh và an sinh của thế giới, Khẳng định rằng những hình tội nghiêm trọng nhất, mà cộng đồng quốc tế nói chung quan tâm, phải bị trừng phạt và việc truy tố hiệu lực phải được đảm bảo bằng các biện pháp ở cấp quốc gia và bằng cách tăng cường hợp tác quốc tế, Quyết tâm chấm dứt việc không trừng phạt các thủ phạm của những hình tội này và, do đó, góp phần ngăn chặn những hình tội đó, Nhớ rằng nhiệm vụ của mọi Quốc gia là hành xử thẩm quyền tài phán hình sự đối với những kẻ chịu trách nhiệm về những hình tội quốc tế, Tái xác nhận các Mục đích và Nguyên tắc của Hiến chương Liên hợp quốc, và đặc biệt rằng mọi Quốc gia sẽ kiềm chế đe dọa hoặc dùng vũ lực vi phạm sự toàn vẹn lãnh thổ hoặc độc lập chính trị của bất kỳ Quốc gia nào, hoặc làm bất kỳ điều gì mâu thuẫn với các Mục đích của Liên hợp quốc, Nhấn mạnh ở đây rằng chẳng có gì trong Đạo luật này được coi là ủy quyền cho bất kỳ Quốc gia Thành viên nào can thiệp vào xung đột vũ trang hoặc vào công việc nội bộ của bất kỳ Quốc gia nào, Kiên quyết, vì những mục tiêu này và vì các thế hệ hiện tại và tương lai, thành lập một Tòa Hình sự Quốc tế thường trực và độc lập trong liên hệ với hệ thống Liên hợp quốc, có thẩm quyền tài phán đối với những hình tội nghiêm trọng nhất mà cộng đồng quốc tế nói chung quan tâm. Nhấn mạnh rằng Tòa Hình sự Quốc tế được thành lập theo Đạo luật này sẽ bổ sung cho thẩm quyền tài phán hình sự của các quốc gia, Quyết định đảm bảo sự tôn trọng lâu dài, và việc thực thi, công lý quốc tế, Đã đồng ý như sau: |
| PART 1. ESTABLISHMENT OF THE COURT | PHẦN 1. THÀNH LẬP TÒA |
| Article 1 The Court An International Criminal Court (“the Court”) is hereby established. It shall be a permanent institution and shall have the power to exercise its jurisdiction over persons for the most serious crimes of international concern, as referred to in this Statute, and shall be complementary to national criminal jurisdictions. The jurisdiction and functioning of the Court shall be governed by the provisions of this Statute. | Điều 1 Tòa Tòa Hình sự Quốc tế (“Tòa”), do đây, được thành lập. Tòa sẽ là một định chế lâu dài và sẽ có quyền hành xử thẩm quyền tài phán đối với những người vi phạm những hình tội nghiêm trọng nhất mà quốc tế quan tâm, như được nêu ra trong Đạo luật này, và sẽ bổ sung cho thẩm quyền tài phán hình sự của các quốc gia. Thẩm quyền tài phán và hoạt động của Tòa sẽ được điều hành bởi các điều khoản của Đạo luật này. |
| Article 2 Relationship of the Court with the United Nations The Court shall be brought into relationship with the United Nations through an agreement to be approved by the Assembly of States Parties to this Statute and thereafter concluded by the President of the Court on its behalf. | Điều 2 Liên hệ của Tòa với Liên hợp quốc Tòa sẽ được đưa vào liên hệ với Liên hợp quốc thông qua một thỏa thuận được Hội đồng các Quốc gia Thành viên của Đạo luật này phê duyệt và sau đó được Chủ tịch Tòa thay mặt Tòa ký kết. |
| Article 3 Seat of the Court 1. The seat of the Court shall be established at The Hague in the Netherlands (“the host State”). 2. The Court shall enter into a headquarters agreement with the host State, to be approved by the Assembly of States Parties and thereafter concluded by the President of the Court on its behalf. 3. The Court may sit elsewhere, whenever it considers it desirable, as provided in this Statute. | Điều 3 Trụ sở Tòa 1. Trụ sở Tòa được thành lập tại The Hague [La Hay] ở Hà Lan (“Quốc gia chủ nhà”). 2. Tòa sẽ ký một thỏa thuận về trụ sở với Quốc gia chủ nhà, được Hội đồng các Quốc gia Thành viên phê duyệt và sau đó được Chủ tịch Tòa thay mặt Tòa ký kết. 3. Tòa có thể đặt ở nơi khác, bất cứ khi nào Tòa muốn, như được quy định trong Đạo luật này. |
| Article 4 Legal status and powers of the Court 1. The Court shall have international legal personality. It shall also have such legal capacity as may be necessary for the exercise of its functions and the fulfilment of its purposes. 2. The Court may exercise its functions and powers, as provided in this Statute, on the territory of any State Party and, by special agreement, on the territory of any other State. | Điều 4 Địa vị pháp lý và quyền hành của Tòa 1. Tòa có tư cách pháp nhân quốc tế. Tòa cũng có năng lực pháp lý có thể cần thiết cho việc hành xử các chức năng của Tòa và cho việc thực hiện các mục đích của Tòa. 2. Tòa có thể hành xử các chức năng và quyền hành của mình, như được quy định trong Đạo luật này, trên lãnh thổ của bất kỳ Quốc gia Thành viên nào và, theo thỏa thuận đặc biệt, trên lãnh thổ của bất kỳ Quốc gia nào. |
nikkei – Nearly 50 years after Ferdinand Marcos Sr. declared brutal martial law, the Philippines is poised to elect his son. Has history been forgotten?
Nikkei staff writersMay 7, 2022 03:26 JST
NEW YORK — Welcome to Nikkei Asia’s podcast: Asia Stream.
Every week, Asia Stream tracks and analyzes the Indo-Pacific with a mix of expert interviews and original reporting by our correspondents from across the globe.
New episodes are recorded biweekly and available on Apple Podcasts, Spotify and all other major platforms, and on our YouTube channel.
This week, we focus on one of Asia’s most dynamic but flawed democracies: the Philippines. With the election just days away, we get under the hood of the electoral system and investigate the powerful role that dynasties play in the country, with a special focus on Ferdinand Marcos Jr., the front-runner on the cusp of taking power. We then take into account that other essential, if dangerous, tenet of modern Philippine democracy: disinformation, and how it is being used to gain support among the country’s most vulnerable populations.
Tiếp tục đọc “PODCAST – Asia Stream: The Philippine Election — Dynasty and Disinformation”
Dịch sang tiếng Việt: PhạmThu Hương & Trần Đình Hoành
Olivia Enos , Contributor
I write about international human rights and national security.Follow
May 31, 2022,10:54am EDT Forbe
Listen to article 4 minutes
Looking through the photos of the 2,884 inmates in the Xinjiang Police Files is not for the faint of heart. You scroll – as you would on Instagram – past face after face of a people unjustly detained by the Chinese government for no other reason than that they are Uyghur.
The first thing I noticed in the photos were their eyes. Some look bewildered, others determined, others tear-filled, others entirely blank.
Tiếp tục đọc “The Xinjiang Police Files Should Prompt Action Against Uyghur Genocide”
© UNICEF/Ashley Gilbertson VII Photo
The principal of a school in Chernihiv, Ukraine, surveys the damage caused during an aerial bombardment.
5 May 2022
Briefing the Security Council on his shuttle diplomacy last week in Russia and Ukraine, Secretary-General António Guterres declared that he “did not mince words” during meetings with Presidents Putin and Zelenskyy, on the need to end the brutal conflict.
“I said the same thing in Moscow as I did in Kyiv…Russia’s invasion of Ukraine is a violation of its territorial integrity and of the Charter of the United Nations,” he told the Ambassadors.
“It must end for the sake of the people of Ukraine, Russia, and the entire world…the cycle of death, destruction, dislocation and disruption must stop.”
The UN chief said he had gone into an active war zone in Ukraine, after first travelling to Moscow, without much prospect of any ceasefire – as the east of the country continues to face “a full-scale ongoing attack”.
Tiếp tục đọc “Ukraine: ‘Cycle of death, destruction’ must stop, UN chief tells Security Council”
Roe v. Wade, the historic 1973 Supreme Court decision that made abortion legal in the first trimester of a woman’s pregnancy, is in danger of being struck down by the conservative majority, according to news reports published Monday night.
According to this Washington Post article, a draft opinion published by Politico said that a majority of justices are ready to reverse the ruling — though until a decision has been formally announced, any vote that has been taken can be reconsidered. In any case, the leak itself was big news — an unprecedented breach of court protocol in modern times.
Supreme Court is ready to strike down Roe v. Wade, leaked draft shows
The following background on the case comes from the National Constitution Center, a nonprofit organization in Philadelphia with a congressional charter to disseminate information about the U.S. Constitution on a nonpartisan basis:
By Tara John, Oleksandra Ochman and Sandi Sidhu, CNN
Updated 0420 GMT (1220 HKT) April 22, 2022
Karina Yershova, right, is pictured with her grandmother in an undated photograph provided by the family.
Lviv, Ukraine (CNN)When Russian troops invaded Ukraine and began closing in on its capital, Kyiv, Andrii Dereko begged his 22-year-old stepdaughter Karina Yershova to leave the suburb where she lived.
But Yershova insisted she wanted to remain in Bucha, telling him: “Don’t talk nonsense, everything will be fine — there will be no war,” he said.
With her tattoos and long brown hair, Yershova stood out in a crowd, her stepfather said, adding that despite living with rheumatoid arthritis, she had a fiercely independent spirit: “She herself decided how to live.”
Yershova worked at a sushi restaurant in Bucha, and hoped to earn her university degree in the future, Dereko said: “She wanted to develop herself.”
Unclaimed and unidentified: Bucha empties its mass graves 03:24
As Russian soldiers surrounded Bucha in early March, Yershova hid in an apartment with two other friends. On one of the last occasions Dereko and his wife, Olena, heard from Yershova, she told them she had left the apartment to get food from a nearby supermarket.
Tiếp tục đọc “Russian troops use rape as ‘an instrument of war’ in Ukraine, rights groups allege”
BUREAU OF DEMOCRACY, HUMAN RIGHTS, AND LABOR
APRIL 12, 2022
The annual Country Reports on Human Rights Practices – the Human Rights Reports – cover internationally recognized individual, civil, political, and worker rights, as set forth in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and other international agreements. The U.S. Department of State submits reports on all countries receiving assistance and all United Nations member states to the U.S. Congress in accordance with the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 and the Trade Act of 1974.
TRANSLATIONSShare
For nearly five decades, the United States has issued the Country Reports on Human Rights Practices, which strive to provide a factual and objective record on the status of human rights worldwide – in 2021, covering 198 countries and territories. The information contained in these reports could not be more vital or urgent given ongoing human rights abuses and violations in many countries, continued democratic backsliding on several continents, and creeping authoritarianism that threatens both human rights and democracy – most notably, at present, with Russia’s unprovoked attack on Ukraine.
Tiếp tục đọc “US State Department: 2021 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices”Its experience in a string of wars led to the conclusion that attacking civilian populations was not only acceptable but militarily sound.
By Max Fisher
Published March 18, 2022Updated March 22, 2022
As Russian artillery and rockets land on Ukrainian hospitals and apartment blocks, devastating residential districts with no military value, the world is watching with horror what is, for Russia, an increasingly standard practice.
Its forces conducted similar attacks in Syria, bombing hospitals and other civilian structures as part of Russia’s intervention to prop up that country’s government.
Moscow went even further in Chechnya, a border region that had sought independence in the Soviet Union’s 1991 breakup. During two formative wars there, Russia’s artillery and air forces turned city blocks to rubble and its ground troops massacred civilians in what was widely seen as a deliberate campaign to terrorize the population into submission.
Now, Vladimir V. Putin, whose rise to Russia’s presidency paralleled and was in some ways cemented by the Chechen wars, appears to be deploying a similar playbook in Ukraine, albeit so far only by increments.
Tiếp tục đọc “Russia’s Brutality in Ukraine Has Roots in Earlier Conflicts”
An April Fool’s tweet referenced the apparently volatile relationship between King Vajiralongkorn and his consort Sineenat Wongvajirapakdi.
thediplomat – April 04, 2022
The low-cost carrier Thai VietJet Air has been forced to make a public apology after an April Fool’s tweet prompted a flood of criticism in Thailand, one of its major markets, for making fun of Thailand’s King Vajiralongkorn. The post described the creation of a fake new route between the city of Nan in northern Thailand and Munich, Germany, where the king has for many years spent considerable amounts of time.
Tiếp tục đọc “Airline apologizes for tweet poking fun at Thailand’s King”
CVD 