Soaring temperatures to record rainfall: Asia reels as climate crisis takes hold

By Heather Chen, CNN

Updated 9:54 PM EDT, Mon July 17, 2023

Hong KongCNN — 

The world’s largest and most populous continent is reckoning with the deadly effects of extreme summer weather, as countries endure blistering heatwaves and record monsoon rainfall, with governments warning residents to prepare for more to come.

This month torrential rains inundated parts of JapanChinaSouth Korea and India, upending the lives of millions and causing flash floods, landslides and power cuts. Record temperatures also led to a rise in heat-related illnesses, particularly among vulnerable communities such as the elderly.

On Saturday, at least 13 people in the central South Korean city of Cheongju died after waters from a burst riverbank flooded an underpass, trapping vehicles, including a public bus.

At least 41 people have died in South Korea in recent days and thousands more have been forced to evacuate their homes and seek temporary shelter, as heavy downpours hit central and southern parts of the country.

In response to the loss of life, South Korean President Yoon Suk Yeol called for an overhaul of the country’s approach to extreme weather.

“This kind of extreme weather event will become commonplace — we must accept climate change is happening, and deal with it,” Yoon said Monday.

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Rescue workers at the flooded underpass in Cheongju, South Korea on July 16, 2023.

Rescue workers at the flooded underpass in Cheongju, South Korea on July 16, 2023.Kim Hong-ji/Reuters

In neighboring Japan, record rainfall in the southwest of the country resulted in devastating flooding that left at least six people dead, and many others still missing.

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Asia’s Sinking Cities: Ho Chi Minh City | Vietnam

CNA Insider – 3/2/2021

Climate change has threatened to erase major cities in Vietnam, including its biggest metropolis, Ho Chi Minh City. A historic downpour which sank many parts of the city late last year was seen as a mere tip of the iceberg. It’s predicted that by 2050, the city will go underwater if no concrete measures are taken to prevent the phenomenon of rising sea levels, land subsidence, weak soil foundation due to groundwater extraction, rapid developments and population growth. What has been done to respond to the gradual sinking of the city? Can it survive a looming threat to its existence?

COP28 is a moment of truth for the oil and gas industry’s efforts on climate

IEA.org

Dr Fatih BirolDr Fatih Birol, Executive Director, International Energy AgencyCommentary — 13 May 2023

The COP28 Climate Change Conference in Dubai this year is a unique opportunity for the oil and gas industry to show it’s serious about tackling climate change.  

At a time when the impacts of climate change are increasingly being felt worldwide, oil and gas producers need to secure a new social license to operate. The world needs to see meaningful changes in the operations of both international and national oil companies, with clear and responsible strategies for bringing down their emissions rapidly.

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“The Mekong is Dying”: How China’s River Diplomacy Neglects Locals, Exacerbates Climate Change

File image of the aerial view of the Jinghong Hydropower Station on the Lancang River, the Chinese part of the Mekong River, in Jinghong city, Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture, southwest China’s Yunnan province. Imaginechina Limited / Alamy Stock Photo

Chinaglobalsouth.com

The rainy season would usually start in May, but this was late June and it was still not raining much. Niwat Roykaew, who grew up on the bank of the Mekong River in Thailand’s northern Chiang Rai province, noticed. 

Born and raised in the Chiang Khong district, Roykaew, 63, was taught to observe the Mekong River to tell the season. But, in the past two decades, the river has become unpredictable like it has “pulsated out of tune”.

Niwat Roykaew is a Thai activist who campaigns for China to share data about water restrictions by its dams upstream.

“The water would get high for two days, then on the third day it would suddenly drop, even during the rainy season,” said Roykaew. 

Local residents like him knew that this delay could mean another year of drought. Since at least 2019, that’s what has happened: the monsoon rain is late, and when it comes, it departs early.

The Mekong River’s water levels in the lower basin, including in Thailand, are now very unstable, being heavily affected both by climate change and hydropower dams upstream that are mostly powered by China, according to local residents, activists, and experts.

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Kết luận Thanh tra EVN về thiếu điện?

vietnamnet.vn

Kết luận thanh tra của Bộ Công Thương đã đưa ra nhiều nguyên nhân chi tiết về thiếu điện thời gian vừa qua.

Theo kết luận thanh tra, trong thời kỳ thanh tra (từ ngày 1/1/2021 đến ngày 1/6/2023), EVN và các đơn vị có liên quan đã đóng góp phần quan trọng trong việc đáp ứng nhu cầu điện cho sự phát triển kinh tế-xã hội của đất nước, đời sống sinh hoạt của người dân.

Tuy nhiên, trong công tác chỉ đạo, quản lý, điều hành cung cấp  điện giai đoạn 2021-2023, EVN và một số đơn vị có liên quan đến cung cấp điện đã để xảy ra những tồn tại, hạn chế, khuyết điểm và vi phạm.

Nhiều hồ thủy điện cạn nước trong tháng 5, 6

Vận hành thủy điện chưa sát thực tế 

Theo kết luận thanh tra, từ tháng 7/2022, các đơn vị của EVN vẫn tăng cường khai thác nước phục vụ phát điện của các nhà máy thủy điện lớn khu vực phía Bắc. Bao gồm 8 hồ chứa thủy điện là Hòa Bình,  Sơn La, Lai Châu, Bản Chát, Tuyên Quang, Thác Bà (thuộc lưu vực sông Hồng); Trung Sơn (thuộc lưu vực sông Mã); Bản Vẽ (thuộc lưu vực sông Cả).

Điều này làm giảm mực nước các hồ so với Kế hoạch vận hành hệ thống điện năm 2022 mặc dù đã được dự báo và quan trắc về số liệu thủy văn về lưu lượng nước về chỉ đạt 60-80% so với trung bình nhiều năm.

Kết luận thanh tra cho rằng: Việc huy động vận hành các hồ chứa thủy điện nêu trên làm giảm mực nước các hồ chứa so với kế hoạch năm và thấp hơn đáng kể so với mực nước dâng bình thường, ảnh hưởng đến việc điều tiết chuẩn bị nước cho phát điện mùa khô năm 2023 và dẫn đến công tác vận hành chưa sát thực tế thủy văn, chưa chủ động trong các kịch bản ứng phó, đảm bảo cung cấp điện.  

Trong các tháng 3, 4, 5 năm 2023 các nhà máy thủy điện vẫn được huy động cao, dẫn đến giảm mực nước các hồ thủy điện.Trong tháng 3/2023, lưu lượng nước về các hồ có dấu hiệu giảm, sản lượng  điện theo nước về toàn hệ thống thấp hơn 563 triệu kWh so với kế hoạch năm. Tính đến hết tháng 3, tổng sản lượng thủy điện tích được trong các hồ thấp hơn kế hoạch năm là 462 triệu kWh. Tháng 4/2023, lưu lượng nước về các hồ thủy điện tiếp tục giảm mạnh, sản lượng theo nước về trong tháng 4 thấp hơn khoảng 765 triệu kWh so với kế hoạch năm. Đến hết tháng 4, lượng nước tích trong các hồ thủy điện thiếu hụt so với kế hoạch năm là 1,632 tỷ kWh.Kết luận thanh tra của Bộ Công Thương

Theo kết luận thanh tra, việc định hướng hạ mực nước cho cuối năm 2022 làm mực nước các hồ thủy điện giảm so với mực nước trong kế hoạch vận hành hệ thống điện được duyệt, gây ảnh hưởng đến việc điều tiết chuẩn bị nước cho phát điện mùa khô năm 2023. Điều này là không tuân thủ kế hoạch đã được Bộ Công Thương phê duyệt tại Quyết định số 3063/QĐ-BCT ngày 31/12/2021.  

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Rich nations pledge to unlock hundreds of billions of dollars for climate fight

By John Irish and Leigh Thomas, Reuters

June 23, 20237:15 PM GMT+7 Updated 15 days ago

  • Summary
  • World leaders and global organisations meet in Paris
  • Agreement for development banks to boost lending
  • Rich nations close in on $100 bln climate finance pledge
  • U.S., China adopt conciliatory tone on debt relief

PARIS, June 23 (Reuters) – Multilateral development banks like the World Bank are expected to find $200 billion in extra firepower for low-income economies by taking on more risk, a move that may require wealthy nations to inject more cash, world leaders said on Friday.

The leaders, gathered at a summit in Paris to thrash out funding for the climate transition and post-COVID debt burdens of poor countries, said their plans would secure billions of dollars of matching investment from the private sector.

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Why are Vietnam’s schools so good?

economist.com

It understands the value of education and manages its teachers well

Children playing football in a courtyard.
They’re on the ball image: alamy

Jun 29th 2023 | SINGAPORE

Ho chi minh, the founding father of Vietnam, was clear about the route to development. “For the sake of ten years’ benefit, we must plant trees. For the sake of a hundred years’ benefit, we must cultivate the people,” was a bromide he liked to trot out. Yet despite years of rapid economic growth, the country’s gdp per person is still only $3,760, lower than in its regional peers, Malaysia and Thailand, and barely enough to make the average Vietnamese feel well-nurtured. Still, Ho Chi Minh was alluding to a Chinese proverb extolling the benefits of education, and on that front Vietnam’s people can have few complaints.

Their children go through one of the best schooling systems in the world, a status reflected in outstanding performances in international assessments of reading, maths and science. The latest data from the World Bank show that, on aggregate learning scores, Vietnamese students outperform not only their counterparts in Malaysia and Thailand but also those in Britain and Canada, countries more than six times richer. Even in Vietnam itself, student scores do not exhibit the scale of inequality so common elsewhere between the genders and different regions.

A child’s propensity to learn is the result of several factors—many of which begin at home with parents and the environment they grow up in. But that is not enough to explain Vietnam’s stellar performance. Its distinctive secret lies in the classroom: its children learn more at school, especially in the early years.

In a study in 2020, Abhijeet Singh of the Stockholm School of Economics gauged the greater productivity of Vietnam’s schools by examining data from identical tests taken by students in Ethiopia, India, Peru and Vietnam. He showed that between the ages of five and eight Vietnamese children race ahead. One more year of education in Vietnam increases the probability that a child can solve a simple multiplication problem by 21 percentage points; in India the uplift is six points.

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Tuesday set an unofficial record for the hottest day on Earth. Wednesday may break it

AP

A Kashmiri man cools off at a stream on a hot summer day on the outskirts of Srinagar, Indian controlled Kashmir, Tuesday, July 4, 2023. The entire planet sweltered for the two unofficial hottest days in human recordkeeping Monday and Tuesday, according to University of Maine scientists at the Climate Reanalyzer project. The unofficial heat records come after months of unusually hot conditions due to climate change and a strong El Nino event. (AP Photo/Mukhtar Khan)

A Kashmiri man cools off at a stream on a hot summer day on the outskirts of Srinagar, Indian controlled Kashmir, Tuesday, July 4, 2023. The entire planet sweltered for the two unofficial hottest days in human recordkeeping Monday and Tuesday, according to University of Maine scientists at the Climate Reanalyzer project. The unofficial heat records come after months of unusually hot conditions due to climate change and a strong El Nino event. (AP Photo/Mukhtar Khan)

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Nearly 2,000 migrants have died crossing the Mediterranean this year. Here’s why

npr.org June 28, 20235:01 AM ET

Laurel Wamsle

This handout image provided by Greece’s coast guard on June 14 shows scores of people on a battered fishing boat that later capsized and sank off southern Greece, drowning hundreds of migrants.

Hellenic Coast Guard via AP

Many around the world closely followed the plight last week of five wealthy men who went missing aboard a Titanic-bound submersible. Meanwhile, researchers at the United Nations’ International Organization for Migration (IOM) updated the number of migrants who have died trying to reach Europe by sea this year: nearly 2,000.

The number of people who lose their lives each year in the crossing is staggering, and this year is on track to be worse than the last. Here are some of the reasons why this year has become so deadly:

Hundreds died aboard the Adriana

According to IOM data, at least 1,999 migrants died between January 1 and June 26 of this year, mostly from drowning. In the same period last year, 1,358 died. These tallies include those who died in the three major routes across the Mediterranean, as well as at the Atlantic route from West Africa.

One enormous tragedy accounts for a large portion of the uptick: the capsizing of the fishing boat Adriana two weeks ago in deep waters off the coast of Greece. The boat had departed Libya crammed with hundreds of people. When it capsized, it took the lives of most of the migrants on board, and IOM estimates the number who perished at 596.

Migrants from Eritrea, Libya and Sudan crowd the deck of a wooden boat as they wait to be assisted by aid workers of the Spanish NGO Open Arms, in the Mediterranean sea about 30 miles north of Libya, on June 17.

Joan Mateu Parra/AP

More people are attempting the crossing

Another factor is that the overall number of migrants attempting to cross the Mediterranean is higher than it was last year.

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Italy in particular has seen a significant increase in the number of migrants arriving: more than 60,000 so far this year, compared with fewer than 27,000 at this point last year. IOM estimates that the total arrivals of migrants by sea to Mediterranean Europe are more than 82,000 this year, compared to fewer than 49,000 by this time last year.

Many of the migrant boats are aiming for the tiny Italian island of Lampedusa, which sits about halfway between Tunisia and Sicily. Two flows of migrants are now arriving at Lampedusa: those from Tunisia and those from Libya. Last week, 37 migrants went missing after their boat capsized between Tunisia and Lampedusa.

Migrants are traveling on boats not made for high seas

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Analysis: Paris climate summit gives fresh impetus to development bank reform

reuters.com

By Simon JessopLeigh Thomas and Tommy Wilkes June 23, 20237:05 PM GMT+2Updated 11 days ago

New Global Financial Pact Summit in Paris
World leaders and finance bosses attend the closing session of the New Global Financial Pact Summit, Friday, June 23, 2023 in Paris, France. The aim of the two-day climate and finance summit was to set up concrete measures to help poor and developing countries whose predicaments have been worsened by the devastating effects of the COVID-19 pandemic and the war in Ukraine better tackle poverty and climate change. Lewis Joly/Pool via REUTERS
  • Summary
  • Roadmap for genuine change’ -Barbados’ Persaud
  • Eyes on IMO meet as shipping tax idea gathers steam
  • Critics say summit fell short of world’s needs
  • PARIS, June 23 (Reuters) – A Paris summit to discuss reforming the world’s financial system scored some notable wins that should tee up greater action before climate talks later this year, though some participants were disappointed with progress to address poorer states’ debt.
  • The Summit for a New Global Financing Pact saw French President Macron host around 40 leaders, many from the Global South, to debate changes to multilateral finance institutions in the face of climate change and other development challenges.
  • Much of the discussion centred on the key requests of developing nations, framed through the “Bridgetown Initiative” led by Barbados leader Mia Mottley, and her adviser Avinash Persaud said he was pleased with the outcome of the talks.
  • “It’s a roadmap for genuine change,” he told Reuters on the sidelines of the talks. “What’s emerged here is a real … understanding of the scale and pace of what is required.”
  • Among the highlights were confirmation that the richer world will likely hit a long-overdue target of providing $100 billion annually in climate finance to poorer countries, a long-delayed debt deal for Zambia, and a package to boost Senegal’s renewable energy capacity.
  • The World Bank and others also said they would start adding clauses to lending terms that allow vulnerable states to suspend debt repayments when natural disaster strikes.
  • Yet it was the wording of the final statement from attendees and subtle changes in the tone of discussions behind the scenes that gave hope to Persaud that even greater change was coming.
  • Specifically, for the first time, the document acknowledged the potential need for richer countries to provide fresh money to multilateral development institutions like the World Bank. This came alongside a plan to draw on more of their current assets, to the tune of $200 billion over 10 years.
  • Another first was in the explicit target for multilateral development banks to leverage “at least” $100 billion a year in private sector capital when they lend.
  • A reference was also made to finding “new avenues for international taxation”, as well as other Bridgetown Initiative requests including offering investors foreign exchange guarantees.
  • “That was widely discussed here and (there’s) lots of support behind an initiative that’s happening outside of Paris, at the International Maritime Organisation in a couple weeks time, on a levy on shipping emissions,” Persaud added.
  • Still, the summit was not without its critics.
  • “Unfortunately, the Paris Summit has not provided the breakthrough needed to find the funding for our planet’s survival,” Teresa Anderson, Global Lead on Climate Justice for ActionAid International, said, pointing to new funding pledges being loans or temporary debt relief instead of grants.
  • All eyes now turn to more traditional events later in the year, including the International Monetary Fund and World Bank annual meetings, a G20 meeting in September and the COP28 climate talks in Dubai.
  • Persaud said his focus would be on making sure the plan to scale up multilateral development bank lending was in place by the time of annual meetings in October, and that pilot work began on reducing the cost of capital for developing countries.
  • The summit, held against a backdrop of criticism that the world is moving far too slowly to address climate change, was a success in that it delivered a roadmap requiring specific actions by specific dates, some observers said.
  • “They’ve got a clear timetable of what they want to see happen and it’s that timeline that puts the pressure on and means that it’s harder to just kick things into the long grass,” said Sonia Dunlop from think tank E3G.
  • Reporting by Simon Jessop, Leigh Thomas and Tommy Reggiori Wilkes, editing by Mark Heinrich
  • In Vietnam, IKEA-style wind turbines are powering off-grid communities

    mekongeye.com

    By Vuong Thi Hao Linh 3 July 2023 at 10:53

    The 1% of Vietnamese households without electricity rely on decentralized, micro renewable systems for power supply. Are such innovations sustainable?

    Wind turbine vietnam

    A mini wind turbine set up in the countryside of Vietnam. PHOTO: 1516 energy

    LAI CHAU, VIETNAM – In November 2019, teachers and students at the Pa U elementary boarding school in Muong Te district in Vietnam’s Lai Chau province had electricity for the first time.

    The power came from a rudimentary micro wind turbine system, which was sold and delivered to the school by a local startup named 1516 and assembled by the teachers.

    The setup was simple: aluminum tubs affixed to a sturdy wooden rod, linked to a sun box that contains a charge controller, a solar battery and an inverter to generate electricity.

    Lai Chau
    Source: Mapbox

    “The children were so excited to see those turbines in action,” recalled teacher Bui Thi Minh Khuyen. Despite a limited output that can only sustain the school’s energy needs until 10pm, the new power supply has made a vast difference.

    Pa U schoolteachers assemble a wind turbine. PHOTO: 1516 energy

    Previously, the school only had light bulbs powered by cheap solar panels imported from China. Fans, radios, TVs, phones and laptops were luxuries the school could not power.

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    Climate Nearing Point of No Return: Land & Sea Temperatures Break Records

    Experts stress urgent action as climate change consequences worsen, hoping rising temperatures and extreme weather trigger policy changes and international cooperation.

    Shivam Dwivedi Updated 30 June, 2023 11:41 PM IST Published on 30 June, 2023 10:49 PM IST Krishi Jaran

    Climate Nearing Point of No Return: Land & Sea Temperatures Break Records (Photo Source: Pixabay)
    Climate Nearing Point of No Return: Land & Sea Temperatures Break Records (Photo Source: Pixabay)

    Climate experts are sounding the alarm as the target of keeping long-term global warming within 1.5 degrees Celsius (2.7 Fahrenheit) appears to be slipping away. Despite months of unprecedented heat on both land and sea, nations have failed to set more ambitious goals in the fight against climate change.

    According to the EU-funded Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S), average global surface air temperatures were more than 1.5 degrees Celsius above pre-industrial levels for several days in early June, coinciding with the gathering of envoys in Bonn to prepare for this year’s annual climate talks in November. While temperatures have breached the 1.5-degree threshold temporarily in the past, this was the first time it occurred during the northern hemisphere summer, which began on June 1. Additionally, sea temperatures have broken records in April and May.

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    Summit of ambitions

    Emmanuel Macron’s summit meeting has given new momentum to investment in sustainable development and climate financing

    MICHAEL JACOBS PARIS 24 JUNE 2023 2517 WORDS Inside Stories

    North and South: French president Emmanuel Macron greets Barbadian prime minister Mia Mottley, whose Bridgetown Initiative inspired this week’s New Global Financing Pact Summit in Paris. Ludovic Marin/AFP via Getty Images

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    When world leaders meet for their much-vaunted “summits,” what do they actually do? The question was posed by last week’s meeting in Beijing between US secretary of state Anthony Blinken and Chinese president Xi Jinping. The meeting lasted a whole thirty-five minutes. It was barely long enough to exchange diplomatic pleasantries, let alone to make progress on the various areas of US–China rivalry, in the South China Sea, on trade, technology and Ukraine. The actual negotiations had clearly happened elsewhere. The summit was mainly an exercise in symbolism: a handshake for the cameras and a carefully worded communique for the record.

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    How debt-for-climate swaps can help solve low-income countries’ crushing debt and environmental challenges at the same time

    Published: October 31, 2022 12.34pm GMT

    Debt-for-climate swaps allow countries to reduce their debt obligations in exchange for a commitment to finance domestic climate projects with the freed-up financial resources.

    Barbados Prime Minister Mia Amor Mottley spoke passionately to the United Nations General Assembly in September about the mounting debt many developing countries are shouldering and its increasing impact on their ability to thrive.

    The average debt for low- and middle-income countries, excluding China, reached 42% of their gross national income in 2020, up from 26% in 2011. For countries in Latin America and the Caribbean, the annual payments just to service that debt averaged 30% of their total exports.

    At the same time, these countries are facing a “triple crisis of climate change, of pandemic and indeed now the conflict that is leading to the inflationary pressures that lead regrettably to people taking circumstances into their own hands,” Mottley said.

    Rising borrowing costs coupled with high inflation and slow economic growth have left developing countries like hers in a difficult position when it comes to climate change. High debt payments mean countries have fewer resources for mitigating and adapting to climate change. Yet climate change is increasing their vulnerability, and that can raise their sovereign risk, increasing the cost of borrowing. Declining productive capacity and tax base can lead to higher debt risks. It’s a vicious cycle.

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