Thẻ: Human rights – Nhân quyền

Châu Âu: Làn sóng di cư tiếp tục đẩy phong trào cực hữu lên cao

~ Phạm Thu Hương ~ Bình luận về bài viết này

ANTG – Thứ Tư, 29/11/2023, 15:35

Tình trạng di cư gia tăng trên khắp châu Âu, bao gồm cả sự gia tăng lớn nhất về số người xin tị nạn kể từ cuộc khủng hoảng di cư 2015-2016, đang thúc đẩy sự ủng hộ đối với các đảng cực hữu chống nhập cư, từ đó có khả năng định hình lại nền chính trị châu Âu trong nhiều năm tới.

Từ điểm nhấn mới nhất tại Hà Lan…

Sự ủng hộ dành cho đảng theo chủ nghĩa dân tộc ủng hộ đường lối cứng rắn hơn chống nhập cư đang tăng mạnh trong các cuộc thăm dò dư luận ở châu Âu gần đây. Và, những đảng này cũng đã tham gia vào chính phủ  ở các nước, từ Italy cho đến Phần Lan, khi mối lo ngại về tốc độ tăng trưởng kinh tế chậm chạp cũng như ảnh hưởng từ cuộc xung đột tại Ukraine và Trung Đông gia tăng.

Chính trị gia cực hữu Geert Wilders bày tỏ sự vui mừng khi đảng của ông giành thắng lợi trong cuộc bầu cử Quốc hội Hà Lan. Ảnh: BBC

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Why Gaza’s dead children could be Biden’s legacy

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AJ+ – 19-11-2023

That’s the verdict of co-founder of The Intercept Jeremy Scahill, who looked back into U.S. President Joe Biden’s political career and identified the key moments where he defended Israel’s alleged war crimes, from back in the 1980s to present day.

Biden has been in public office for 50 years, and during that time he has been one of Israel’s biggest defenders, even when the country has killed civilians.

Scahill argues that U.S. weapons and money have enabled Israel’s attacks on Gaza and that the more than 4,700 children killed “should be a permanent stain” on Biden’s legacy.

Why it’s time to worry about India

~ Phạm Thu Hương ~ Bình luận về bài viết này

AJ+ – 9 thg 9, 2023

India prides itself as the largest democracy in the world, with nearly 1 billion eligible voters for the upcoming 2024 general election. But what’s been holding that democracy together has changed drastically under Prime Minister Narendra Modi and his nationalist party, BJP. Modi’s influence has shifted Indian society and widened rifts between communities.

How has Indian democracy changed? And why is it time to worry about India?

I mourn the loss of Australia’s Indigenous voice vote – and won’t forgive the media’s mendacity

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theguardian.com Thomas Keneally

Thomas Keneally

The polls had been favourable until a brutal press campaign kicked in against this kindly, long-overdue change

  • Thomas Keneally is the author of the Booker-winning Schindler’s Ark

Wed 18 Oct 2023 13.26 BST

Last Sunday, many in Australia profoundly mourned the loss of the Indigenous voice to parliament referendum, the greatest kindly amendment ever to be proposed for the Australian constitution, those dreary old articles of association by which our states and territories rub along together in far-flung federation.

When the referendum was announced in March this year, it was as a result of a message to mainstream Australia from Indigenous Australia, a statement made at Uluru near Alice Springs by Aboriginal representatives. They suggested constitutional recognition of the Aboriginal race’s ancient discovery and ownership of Australia, and proposed that their community’s disadvantages in modern Australia could be addressed through a group of Aboriginal delegates who would advise on federal laws affecting Aboriginal Australians.

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The ownership matter is no longer as controversial as it once was. In the 1970s a Torres Strait Islander named Eddie Mabo was shocked to hear that his garden on Murray Island belonged to the crown. He undertook a long, brave journey from regional courts all the way to the high court, to prove that his tropic garden was not the crown’s, but his own. That decision in 1992 declared that Indigenous Australians had never ceded sovereignty over their land. There were cries that every white-owned house and swimming pool would be imperilled, but the truth was that the decision allowed the Aboriginal people to claim in reality traditional and unalienated, as in not yet purchased under title and built-upon, land. With that decision began the custom of the “welcome to country”: a local tribesman, or at least an Aboriginal Australian, briefly, as a small polite gesture, welcoming people to public events and citing the local tribe and its elders, men and women, past and present. This will continue to be the practice; an acknowledgment of the established fact.

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Ban on protests supporting Palestinians is disproportionate attack on the right to protest in France

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amnesty.org

Following the request from the Minister of the Interior Gerald Darmanin asking the prefects in France to ban all pro-Palestinian demonstrations, Jean-Claude Samouiller, President of Amnesty International France said:

“The ban on all demonstrations in support of the Palestinians in France constitutes a serious and disproportionate attack on the right to demonstrate.

Faced with the atrocities committed by Hamas in southern Israel, and also the blockade and very heavy bombings in the Gaza Strip, it is important that civil society actors can mobilize peacefully and publicly, in particular those calling on those engaged in the conflict to respect the rights of civilian populations. This is why there cannot be a systematic ban on the right to peacefully demonstrate support for the rights of the Palestinian populations.

Under international law, a ban on demonstrations can only be considered as a last resort. Authorities should always seek to protect and facilitate the rights to freedom of expression and peaceful assembly in the first place.Jean-Claude Samouiller, President of Amnesty International France

A ban can only be legal if it is motivated by a specific threat and if it is demonstrated that no other less restrictive measure could guarantee public order.”

Explainer: Australia has voted against an Indigenous Voice to Parliament. Here’s what happened

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theconversation.com

A majority of Australian voters have rejected the proposal to establish an Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Voice to Parliament, with the final results likely to be about 40% voting “yes” and 60% voting “no”.

What was the referendum about?

In this referendum, Australians were asked to vote on whether to establish an Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Voice to Parliament. The Voice was proposed as a means of recognising Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples as the First Peoples of Australia in the Constitution.

The Voice proposal was a modest one. It was to be an advisory body for the national parliament and government. Had the referendum succeeded, Australia’s Constitution would have been amended with a new section 129:

In recognition of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples as the First Peoples of Australia:

i. there shall be a body, to be called the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Voice

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Questions and Answers: October 2023 Hostilities between Israel and Palestinian Armed Groups

~ Trần Đình Hoành ~ Bình luận về bài viết này

HRW

The following questions and answers (Q&A) address issues relating to international humanitarian law (the laws of war) governing current hostilities between Israel and Hamas, and other Palestinian armed groups in Gaza. The purpose is to facilitate analysis of the conduct of all parties involved in the conflict with the aim of deterring violations of the laws of war and encouraging accountability for abuses.

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The Nobel laureate – Muhammad Yunus, the father of microfinance, is facing a prison sentence

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qz.com

  • The Bangladesh government has brought an onslaught of legal cases against Muhammad Yunus over the last decade

By Ananya Bhattacharya PublishedSeptember 1, 2023

At the center of government lawsuits.
At the center of government lawsuits.

Among foreign economists and civil society activists, the Nobel laureate Muhammad Yunus is an icon for extending microloans to those too poor to access conventional banks. But at home, in Bangladesh, he has been increasingly vilified—and now faces time in prison.

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How much progress is being made on the UN’s Sustainable Development Goals?

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weforum.org

A slowdown in progress on key areas is putting the 2030 Sustainable Development Goals 'in peril'.

A slowdown in progress on key areas is putting the 2030 Sustainable Development Goals ‘in peril’.

  • Multiple global crises continue to put the 2030 Sustainable Development Goals ‘in peril’, the UN says.
  • Its 2023 update report shows a significant reversal of progress in key areas such as child vaccination rates and income inequality between countries.
  • These challenges will be the focus of the World Economic Forum’s Sustainable Development Impact Meetings on 18-22 September 2023.

The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development was adopted by all United Nations’ (UN) member states in 2015. “A shared blueprint for peace and prosperity for people and the planet, now and into the future”, it is based on 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), which the UN describes as an urgent call for action. The organization says that ending global poverty requires focusing on strategies that reduce inequality and spur economic growth, while also tackling climate change.

The Sustainable Development Goals Report 2022 painted a worrying picture of progress in almost all areas, but the 2023 update delivers an even graver warning: “The promises enshrined in the SDGs are in peril,” the UN states. This year marks the halfway point to the 2030 Agenda deadline, increasing global urgency to ignite progress.

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Vài nét về Xã hội dân sự và kinh nghiệm đối với Việt Nam

~ Đào Thu Hằng ~ Bình luận về bài viết này

>> Bài liên quan: Thúc đẩy không gian xã hội dân sự ở Việt Nam nhằm thực hiện nghĩa vụ quốc tế về quyền con người

Tạp chí Khoa học Pháp lý số 1(38)/2007, THS. VŨ VĂN NHIÊM – Đại học Luật TP. Hồ Chí Minh

Thuật ngữ “xã hội dân sự” đã xuất hiện cách đây hàng ngàn năm và trở nên tương đối thịnh hành vào thời Khai sáng. Một thời gian dài sau đó, nó ít được nhắc đến, hoặc có chăng, chỉ được giới khoa học đề cập một cách tản mạn.

Có thể do vai trò của xã hội dân sự ở Liên Xô và các nước Đông Âu trong thời kỳ chuyển đổi của những năm cuối thập niên 80, những năm đầu thập niên 90 thế kỷ XX và một vài lý do khác, nên ở nước ta, thuật ngữ xã hội dân sự ít được bàn luận vì nó thường được cho là mang hàm ý tiêu cực. Cho đến gần đây, cụm từ này đôi lúc vẫn còn được xem là nhạy cảm. Tuy nhiên, trong tiến trình dân chủ hóa ở nước ta hiện nay và trong xu thế hội nhập, “ xã hội dân sự” là thuật ngữ thường được nhắc đến  và được bàn luận khá cởi mở.

Trên tinh thần đó, chúng tôi mạnh dạn trao đổi một số vấn đề về xã hội dân sự thông qua bài viết sau đây.

I. MỘT VÀI NÉT VỀ “XÃ HỘI DÂN SỰ” VÀ SỰ PHÁT TRIỂN CỦA NÓ QUA CÁC GIAI ĐOẠN

Xã hội dân sự là thuật ngữ được xem xét và định nghĩa theo nhiều cách khác nhau trong lịch sử tư tưởng, chính trị, pháp lý thế giới, và hiện nay cũng vậy, nó được tiếp cận dưới những góc độ và bình diện khác rất khác nhau (kể cả trên thế giới và trong nước).[1] Chúng tôi cho rằng không cần thiết (và cũng không thể đặt ra mục đích phải có một khái niệm khuôn mẫu về xã hội dân sự). Tuy nhiên, trước khi bàn bạc, trao đổi về xã hội dân sự, nhất là trong điều kiện hiện nay ở nước ta, thì việc tìm hiểu những nội hàm cơ bản cũng như sự hình thành, phát triển của thuật ngữ này là rất cần thiết.

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Statelessness Around the World

~ Đào Thu Hằng ~ Bình luận về bài viết này

CFR.org

Without a country to call their own, millions of people experience discrimination and persecution. 

Last Updated January 10, 2023

Rohingya walk near the no man's land area between Bangladesh and Myanmar in the Palongkhali area next to Ukhia on October 19, 2017.

Rohingya walk near the no man’s land area between Bangladesh and Myanmar in the Palongkhali area next to Ukhia on October 19, 2017. Source: MUNIR UZ ZAMAN/AFP via Getty ImagesSHARE

Teaching Resources—Building Blocks: Challenges (including lesson plan with slides)

Every two years, athletes from around the world gather to compete in the Olympic Games.

Competitions commence with host nations organizing spectacular opening ceremonies full of pageantry and, at times, peculiarities. At the 1992 Barcelona, Spain, opening ceremony, an archer lit the Olympic torch with a flaming arrow. At the 2012 London opening ceremony, organizers screened a film showing James Bond and Queen Elizabeth II, with stunt doubles later parachuting into the stadium. And in Sochi, Russia, in 2014, the Russian Police Choir kicked off the winter games with a rendition of Daft Punk’s disco-pop hit “Get Lucky.”

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Nobel Foundation withdraws invitation to Russia, Belarus and Iran to attend ceremonies

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APnews.com

FILE - The Nobel laureates and the royal family of Sweden during the Nobel Prize award ceremony at the Concert Hall in Stockholm, Saturday Dec. 10 2022. The Nobel Foundation has withdrawn its invitation for representatives of Russia, Belarus and Iran to attend this year’s Nobel Prize award ceremonies after the decision to invite them “provoked strong reactions.” Saturday's U-turn came after several Swedish lawmakers said they would boycott this year’s Nobel Prize award ceremonies. (Pontus Lundahl/TT via AP, File)

FILE – The Nobel laureates and the royal family of Sweden during the Nobel Prize award ceremony at the Concert Hall in Stockholm, Saturday Dec. 10 2022. The Nobel Foundation has withdrawn its invitation for representatives of Russia, Belarus and Iran to attend this year’s Nobel Prize award ceremonies after the decision to invite them “provoked strong reactions.” Saturday’s U-turn came after several Swedish lawmakers said they would boycott this year’s Nobel Prize award ceremonies. (Pontus Lundahl/TT via AP, File)

Updated 4:44 AM GMT+7, September 3, 2023Share

STOCKHOLM (AP) — The Nobel Foundation on Saturday withdrew its invitation for representatives of Russia, Belarus and Iran to attend this year’s Nobel Prize award ceremonies after the decision announced a day earlier “provoked strong reactions.”

Several Swedish lawmakers said Friday they would boycott this year’s Nobel Prize award ceremonies in the Swedish capital, Stockholm, after the private foundation that administers the prestigious awards changed its position from a year earlier and invited representatives of the three countries to attend, saying it “promotes opportunities to convey the important messages of the Nobel Prize to everyone.”

Some of the lawmakers cited Russia’s war on Ukraine and the crackdown on human rights in Iran as reasons for their boycott. Belarusian opposition figure Sviatlana Tsikhanouskaya on Friday called on the Swedish Nobel Foundation and the Norwegian Nobel Committee not to invite representatives of Belarusian President Alexander Lukashenko’s “illegitimate regime to any events.”

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‘Despair is settling in’: female suicides on rise in Taliban’s Afghanistan

~ Đào Thu Hằng ~ Bình luận về bài viết này

theguardian.com

Unofficial figures point to a mental health crisis amid severe restrictions on Afghan women’s lives

Zahra Nader and Zan Times reportersMon 28 Aug 2023 10.00 BST

First, her dreams of becoming a doctor were dashed by the Taliban’s ban on education. Then her family set up a forced marriage to her cousin, a heroin addict. Latifa* felt her future had been snatched away.

“I had two options: to marry an addict and live a life of misery or take my own life,” said the 18-year-old in a phone interview from her home in central Ghor province. “I chose the latter.”

It was not an isolated act of desperation. Since the Taliban took control of Afghanistan in the summer of 2021, there has been a disturbing surge in the number of women taking their own lives or attempting to do so, data collected from public hospitals and mental health clinics across a third of Afghanistan’s provinces shows.

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H&M says it will “phase out” sourcing from Myanmar

~ Đào Thu Hằng ~ Bình luận về bài viết này

reuters.com

August 17, 20238:38 PM GMT+7Updated 6 days ago

Workers tailor and arrange clothing at a garment factory at Hlaing Tar Yar industry zone in Yangon

LONDON, Aug 17 (Reuters) – The world’s second-biggest fashion retailer H&M (HMb.ST) has decided to gradually stop sourcing from Myanmar, it told Reuters on Thursday, as reports of labour abuses in garment factories in the country increase.

H&M became the latest brand to cut ties with suppliers in the country after Zara owner Inditex (ITX.MC), Primark (ABF.L), Marks & Spencer (MKS.L) and others.

“After careful consideration we have now taken the decision to gradually phase out our operations in Myanmar,” H&M said in an email to Reuters.

“We have been monitoring the latest developments in Myanmar very closely and we see increased challenges to conduct our operations according to our standards and requirements.”

Taliban edicts suffocating women and girls in Afghanistan: UN experts

~ Đào Thu Hằng ~ Bình luận về bài viết này

UN Human rights

GENEVA (19 June 2023) – Relentless edicts issued by the Taliban since taking power in Afghanistan in August 2021 have severely restricted the rights of women and girls and suffocated every dimension of their lives, UN experts* said today.

“Women and girls in Afghanistan are experiencing severe discrimination that may amount to gender persecution – a crime against humanity – and be characterised as gender apartheid, as the de facto authorities appear to be governing by systemic discrimination with the intention to subject women and girls to total domination,” the experts said.

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