An autonomous knowledge system needs more than Chinese characteristics

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China’s push to build an “autonomous knowledge system” dates to 2016, when President Xi Jinping called for the development of philosophy and the social sciences with Chinese characteristics. In 2022, he stated the goal more explicitly, saying that the effort ultimately came down to building China’s own knowledge system.

Leading international-relations scholar stresses original research, internal academic debate, and researchers’ freedom to set their own agendas.

Against this backdrop, 外交评论 Foreign Affairs Review, a journal published by China Foreign Affairs University under the supervision of China’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs, recently invited four leading Chinese international-relations scholars to reflect on the subject. The essay below, by Yan Xuetong, Honorary Dean of Tsinghua University’s Institute of International Relations, is the final installment in the four-part symposium in the 3rd issue of the bimonthly in 2026—and it reads rather differently from the others.

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The leading global thinkers of 2016

FP

the leading global thinkers of 2016

THE CASE FOR OPTIMISM

An ugly strain of populism reared its head in America this year. After months of spewing sexist, racist, homophobic, and xenophobic rhetoric, Donald Trump stunned pollsters—and the citizens whose ballots earned Hillary Clinton the popular vote—by winning the White House. Nativist politics won out, and Americans joined other populations, including Brexit supporters and Colombians who rejected the long-awaited peace deal, in voting against their self-interest. Through democratic means, fear surpassed reason repeatedly in 2016, leaving many wondering who will handle the unprecedented crises that the world faces—the war in Syria, mass migration, climate change—and how. Tiếp tục đọc “The leading global thinkers of 2016”