Are free markets history?

Governments are jettisoning the principles that made the world rich

image: maxine mouysset

economist.com

Sometimes, in wars and revolutions, fundamental change arrives with a bang. More often, it creeps up on you. That is the way with what we are calling “homeland economics”, a protectionist, high-subsidy, intervention-heavy ideology administered by an ambitious state. Fragile supply chains, growing threats to national security, the energy transition and the cost-of-living crisis have each demanded action by governments—and for good reason. But when you lump them all together, it becomes clear just how systematically the presumption of open markets and limited government has been left in the dust.

For this newspaper, this is an alarming trend. We were founded in 1843 to campaign for, among other things, free trade and a modest role for government. Today these classical liberal values are not only unpopular, they are increasingly absent from political debate. Less than eight years ago President Barack Obama was trying to sign America up to a giant Pacific trade pact. Today if you argue for free trade in Washington, you will be scoffed at as hopelessly naive. In the emerging world, you will be painted as a neocolonial relic from the era when the West knew best.

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Vietnam among countries recording most child displacements due to natural disasters

VNE – By Minh Minh   October 7, 2023 | 07:00 am GMT+7

Vietnam among countries recording most child displacements due to natural disasters

Two children are on a bus with the elderly as they are evacuated from storm Noru in Vietnam’s central province of Quang Nam in September 2022. Photo by VnExpress/Dac Thanh

Around 930,000 children in Vietnam were displaced due to hazards such as floods, storms and drought between 2016 and 2021, among the 10 highest numbers of 44 countries surveyed by UNICEF.

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Localities pioneer, spending billions of đồng in tuition waiver initiative

VNN – October 06, 2023 – 11:12

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For the 2023-2024 academic year, the central Đà Nẵng City also set out VNĐ408 billion ($16.72 million) for tuition exemptions for kindergarten, general and continuing education.

Primary students entered the new school year at Đức Trí School in Đà Nẵng City on September 5. — VNA/VNS Photo Văn Dũng

HÀ NỘI — Several localities across the country are leading the initiative to fully cover tuition fees for general education, aiming to alleviate the burdens on families and reduce the number of students dropping out of school.

In the 2023-2024 school year, northern Hải Phòng City plans to spend more than VNĐ400 billion (US$16.4 million) from the local budget for a tuition waiver programme applicable to every student in the city.

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Báo động tình trạng nạn nhân buôn người bị ép tham gia lừa đảo trực tuyến tại Đông Nam Á

antv.gov.vn Thứ tư, 30/08/2023


(ANTV) – Trong một báo cáo đưa ra mới đây, Liên hợp quốc (LHQ) cảnh báo các nhóm tội phạm đã ép hàng trăm nghìn người tại Đông Nam Á thực hiện các vụ lừa đảo trực tuyến và chịu các hình thức đối xử vô nhân đạo như bạo hành và xâm hại
Theo báo cáo, rất khó để đánh giá quy mô tình hình do các hành vi này diễn ra lén lút và phản ứng còn chưa hiệu quả của nhà chức trách. Tuy nhiên, các nguồn tin đáng tin cậy cho biết ít nhất 120.000 người trên khắp Myanmar có thể đang bị cầm giữ và buộc phải thực hiện lừa đảo trực tuyến. Con số này tại Campuchia là khoảng 100.000 người. Lào, Philippines và Thái Lan là những quốc gia khác trong khu vực được xác định là điểm đến chính hoặc nơi trung chuyển của hoạt động buôn người. Ước tính các nhóm tội phạm này thu về hàng tỷ USD mỗi năm. Nạn nhân tới từ Hiệp hội các quốc gia Đông Nam Á (ASEAN), Nam Á, Trung Quốc đại lục, Hong Kong, Đài Loan (Trung Quốc)…Phần lớn các nạn nhân là nam giới.
Các mạng lưới tội phạm này đã kiếm lời từ đại dịch COVID-19, khi một số quốc gia phải đóng cửa sòng bài để kiểm soát dịch. Điều này buộc các nhà điều hành sòng bài chuyển hoạt động tới những nơi có ít sự giám sát của nhà chức trách, chẳng hạn như khu vực biên giới có xung đột.
Theo nội dung trong một hồ sơ pháp lý công bố ngày 28/8, mạng xã hội X (trước đây là Twitter) đang đối mặt với 2.200 vụ tranh chấp trọng tài với các nhân viên cũ sau khi tỷ phú công nghệ Elon Musk tiếp quản công ty, cắt giảm nhiều nhân sự và thực hiện loạt điều chỉnh sâu rộng.
Hồ sơ pháp lý này nằm trong một vụ kiện tại tòa án quận Delaware giữa cựu nhân viên Chris Woodfield với Twitter, tập đoàn X và ông Musk. Trong đơn kiện của mình, ông Woodfield, một cựu kỹ sư mạng cấp cao từng làm việc tại chi nhánh của Twitter ở Seattle, cáo buộc Twitter (hiện là X) đã không trả tiền trợ cấp thôi việc cho ông như cam kết, sau đó trì hoãn việc giải quyết tranh chấp thay thế khi không thanh toán các phí cần thiết để tiếp tục vụ pháp lý. Vụ tranh chấp giữa ông Woodfield và tập đoàn X do JAMS – một tổ chức phi lợi nhuận chuyên cung cấp dịch vụ hòa giải bằng trọng tài tại Mỹ – giải quyết. Căn cứ vào biểu phí của JAMS, riêng chi phí nộp đơn trong 2.200 vụ tranh chấp bằng trọng tài của X có thể lên tới 3,5 triệu USD, chưa kể các khoản phụ phí.
Tại Mỹ, nhiều tập đoàn lớn yêu cầu người lao động ký thỏa thuận giải quyết tranh chấp bằng trọng tài khi làm việc tại các chi nhánh và điều này là hợp pháp.
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China’s Three Gorges Dam: This Dam affected Earth’s Rotation

The Three Gorges Dam is a hydroelectric gravity dam that spans the Yangtze River, in Central China. It is the world’s largest hydroelectric power station, but all that power comes with great responsibility. According to NASA, the dam delays the rotation of the Earth by 0.06 microseconds. This happens when the dam raises trillions of pounds of water 574 feet (175 m) above sea level increasing the Earth’s moment of inertia and thus slowing its rotation. Will the dam cause major consequences in our future or will the very minor delay not be noticeable for thousands of years?

China’s plan for the ‘world’s riskiest’ mega dam high in the Himalayas

As China seeks to meet its targets of becoming carbon neutral by 2060, it is turning its sights to some of the wildest reaches of the Tibetan Plateau where it plans to build a hydropower plant so ambitious that it could produce three times as much power as Three Gorges.

Experts believe it could be the riskiest mega structure ever built. Not only is the location prone to massive landslides and some of the most powerful earthquakes ever recorded, it’s also precariously close to the disputed border between India and China. Meaning any major project could further escalate discontent in a tense territorial dispute between the world’s two most populous countries.

Việt Nam rejects claims of cracking down on environmentalists: Foreign ministry

VNN – October 05, 2023 – 18:56

Listen to the article here.

“This is false information used with ill intents with regards to Việt Nam’s efforts to combat and prevent crimes, as well as Việt Nam’s diplomatic activities.”

Spokesperson for the Ministry of Foreign Affairs Phạm Thu Hằng at Thursday’s press conference in Hà Nội. — VNA/VNS Photo Văn Điệp
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Man falsely branded as murderer for over 40 years gets $77,800 compensation

VNE – By Viet Quoc   October 5, 2023 | 07:06 pm GMT+7

Man falsely branded as murderer for over 40 years gets $77,800 compensation

Do Thanh An (R), son of murdered victim Phan Thi Khanh, speaks with Vo Ngoc, son of wrongfully detained man Vo Te in Binh Thuan Province, June 2022. Photo by VnExpressA deceased man in Binh Thuan Province, who was wrongfully detained 43 years ago for murder, will be compensated over VND1.9 billion ($77,840) by the provincial People’s Procuracy.

65-year-old Vo Ngoc, the son of wrongfully accuised man Vo Te, said his family was informed of the compensation on Tuesday.

The central province’s Procuracy would monetarily compensate Te and his loved ones for lost incomes, property losses, mental impacts and financial support for six of his children, who were under 18 at the point of his imprisonment, among other costs.

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How gangs are using Malta to smuggle migrants from Vietnam into Europe

Watch on ITV news

https://www.itv.com/watch/news/itv-news-reveals-how-gangs-are-using-malta-to-smuggle-migrants-from-vietnam-into-europe/1ydbpjp

We have no choice’: The Vietnamese dying for a chance to work in the UK | ITV News

There’s a saying in Vietnam about the Nghe An province: “Chó ăn đá, gà ăn sỏi.” It means “the dogs eat rocks, the chickens eat pebbles”. It’s a hot, tough place to live, and is also Vietnam’s hub for the trade in human cargo. When 39 Vietnamese were found dead in a lorry in Essex four years ago, the majority had left from Nghe An. Read the full report on the ITV News website here: https://www.itv.com/news/2023-09-26/w…

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What is climate finance and why do we need more of it?

UNDP.org October 2, 2023

Climate Finance visual 1

Summary

  • Climate finance refers to financial resources and instruments that are used to support action on climate change.
  • Examples of climate finance include grants provided by multilateral funds, market-based and concessional loans from financial institutions, sovereign green bonds issued by national governments, and resources mobilized through carbon trading and carbon taxes.
  • Investments in climate action can yield results that dramatically outweigh the upfront costs, yet significant funding gap remains to advance the green transition and enhance resilience in developing countries.
  • Current financial flows for climate change mitigation need to increase at least three times, if we are to limit global warming to 2°C or below and achieve the Paris Agreement targets.
  • UNDP is one of the major entities supporting countries access and effectively use climate finance.
What is climate finance?

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The Race to Regulate Artificial Intelligence

Why Europe Has an Edge Over America and China

foreignaffairs.com June 27, 2023 By Anu Bradford

Artificial intelligence is taking the world by storm. ChatGPT and other new generative AI technologies have the potential to revolutionize the way people work and interact with information and each other. At best, these technologies allow humans to reach new frontiers of knowledge and productivity, transforming labor markets, remaking economies, and leading to unprecedented levels of economic growth and societal progress.

At the same time, the pace of AI development is unsettling technologists, citizens, and regulators alike. Even ardent techno-enthusiasts—including figures such as OpenAI CEO Sam Altman and Apple co-founder Steve Wozniak—are issuing warnings about how unregulated AI can lead to uncontrollable harms, posing severe threats to individuals and societies. The direst predictions concern AI’s ability to obliterate labor markets and make humans obsolete or—under the most extreme scenario—even destroy humanity.

With tech companies racing to advance artificial intelligence capabilities amid intense criticism and scrutiny, Washington is facing mounting pressure to craft AI regulation without quashing innovation. Different regulatory paradigms are already emerging in the United States, China, and Europe, rooted in distinct values and incentives. These different approaches will not only reshape domestic markets—but also increasingly guide the expansion of American, Chinese, and European digital empires, each advancing a competing vision for the global digital economy while attempting to expand its sphere of influence in the digital world.

Stay informed.

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Impact of global South research ‘should be recognised’

scidev.net

A female researcher flying a drone in the field in Namibia

A Namibian female researcher flying a drone to capture images in the field. Perceptions around quality of global South research ‘need to change’, a panel of research funders and observers heard during the science summit on the sidelines of the UN General Assembly. Copyright: Miggan91 (CC BY-SA 4.0)

Speed read

  • Perceptions around quality of global South research ‘need to change’
  • Equitable partnerships key to research impact – report
  • North-South funding imbalances ‘must be challenged’

By: Sarah Wild

 The quality and applicability of research done by institutions in low- and middle-income countries needs to be more broadly recognised, a panel of research funders and observers heard as part of a science summit held on the sidelines of the UN General Assembly.

“When researchers in the global North produce research, it’s understood as if it was universal, whereas when research is done in the global South, then it’s only local and applicable to those settings,” Andrea Ordonez Llanos, executive director of Southern Voice, a network of think tanks in the global South, told the panel discussion on Thursday (21 September).

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