Note taken from wiki:

 Developed countries or territories (IMF) (blue)

 Developing countries or territories (IMF) (yellow)

 Least developed countries (UN) (red)

Data unavailable (grey)

World map showing country classifications per the IMF^[1] and the UN^[2] (last updated April 2023). The countries in light blue form the “Global North”, the rest are mostly categorized as belonging to the “Global South”, with few exceptions under some listings.

The concept of Global North and Global South (or North–South divide in a global context) is used to describe a grouping of countries along the lines of socio-economic and political characteristics. The Global South is a term that broadly comprises countries in the regions of Africa, Latin America and the Caribbean, Asia (without Israel, Japan, and South Korea), and Oceania (without Australia and New Zealand), according to the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD).^[3][4][a] Most of the countries in the Global South are characterized by low income, dense population, poor infrastructure, and often political or cultural marginalization.^[5] The Global South forms one side of the divide; on the other is the Global North (broadly comprising Northern America and Europe, Israel, Japan and South Korea, as well as Australia and New Zealand, according to the UNCTAD).^[3][4][a] As such, the terms Global North and Global South do not refer to the cardinal directions of north and south as many of the Global South countries are geographically located in the Northern Hemisphere.

The UN and the multilateral system are in crisis – what the Global South must do

Published: September 28, 2023 2.54pm BST The Conversation

Authors

1. Monica Herz Full Professor, Institute of International Relations (PUC-Rio), Associate Dean for Research of the Social Science Center (PUC-Rio), Senior Researcher, BRICS Policy Center, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro (PUC-Rio)
2. Giancarlo Summa Co-fundador com Mônica Herz do projeto MUDRAL (Multilateralismo e Direita Radical na América Latina), Pesquisador no Centre d’Études Sociologiques et Politiques Raymond Aron (CESPRA), École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales (EHESS)

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Calls for reform and cooperation as pandemic, US scepticism and growing US-China tensions undermine int’l organisation.

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World leaders came together, virtually, on Monday to mark the 75th anniversary of the United Nations, as the coronavirus pandemic and economic disruption challenge the effectiveness and solidarity of the organisation that was set up after the horrors of World War II.

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