Thẻ: Russia

China and Russia challenge the Arctic order

~ Đào Thu Hằng ~ Bình luận về bài viết này

But understanding how means looking beyond their partnership

DIIS.dk DIIS Policy Brief 9 July 2025

Sino-Russian Arctic cooperation is real but limited – and should not distract from the broader strategic challenges each country poses individually. While the partnership merits attention, some aspects are more symbolic than substantive, with Russia ultimately controlling the pace and direction.

Media narratives often highlight the growing alignment between China and Russia in the Arctic and the potential threat this poses to other states. Yet the partnership remains constrained by diverging priorities, Russia’s wariness of Chinese influence, and China’s reluctance to expose itself to sanctions or engage in risky ventures.

At the same time Russia’s increasing dependence on China since its full-scale invasion of Ukraine in 2022 has given Beijing opportunities to pursue deeper access to the Russian Arctic on its own terms and in areas that align with its long-term objectives. Rather than engaging broadly, China is selective in how and where it invests or participates – a dynamic that could intensify underlying frictions between the two even as global geopolitical shifts continue to draw them closer in the region.

Tiếp tục đọc “China and Russia challenge the Arctic order” →

Who owns the Arctic and Why the Arctic is climate change’s canary in the coal mine

~ Đào Thu Hằng ~ Bình luận về bài viết này

Global warming is heating up the Arctic, and global powers like the United States, Russia and China are manoeuvring to stake a claim to the resources under its melting ice. Some experts say the region, once known as an exception – an island of international cooperation in the midst of geopolitical struggles – is becoming the site of a second cold war.

The Arctic may seem like a frozen and desolate environment where nothing ever changes. But the climate of this unique and remote region can be both an early indicator of the climate of the rest of the Earth and a driver for weather patterns across the globe. William Chapman explains why scientists often describe the Arctic as the “canary in the coal mine” when it comes to climate change

Dark fleet tankers: Estonia’s case study warning for Southeast Asia

~ Đào Thu Hằng ~ Bình luận về bài viết này

The increasing number of false-flagged and stateless tankers is reshaping maritime security challenges across the world’s sea lanes.

imarest.org

There are tankers that exploit gaps in international law by fraudulently registering under flags of convenience or assuming false identities to avoid enforcement. Indeed, approximately 100+ false-flagged tankers now operate with limited scrutiny in critical regions like the Indian Ocean and South China Sea, bringing new impetus to the questions for coastal states: do they have the legal right to act, and should they exercise that right? 

Estonia’s recent boarding of the tanker Kiwala has put these questions in the spotlight. Acting within its territorial sea, the Estonian Navy relied on the powers granted under the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) to intervene when a vessel’s passage is no longer ‘innocent’. The vessel was known to be operating under a false flag — a clear violation of international shipping norms. 

Tiếp tục đọc “Dark fleet tankers: Estonia’s case study warning for Southeast Asia” →

Nuclear Deterrence in the 21st Century

~ Đào Thu Hằng ~ Bình luận về bài viết này

chatthamhouse.org Research paper Published 20 April 2020 ISBN: 978 1 78413 391 7

Royal Navy Vanguard Class submarine HMS Vigilant returning to HMNB Clyde after extended deployment. The four Vanguard-class submarines form the UK's strategic nuclear deterrent force. Photo: Ministry of Defence.

Royal Navy Vanguard Class submarine HMS Vigilant returning to HMNB Clyde after extended deployment. The four Vanguard-class submarines form the UK’s strategic nuclear deterrent force. Photo: Ministry of Defence.21st century. Researchers at Chatham House have worked with eight experts to produce this collection of essays examining four contested themes in contemporary policymaking on deterrence.

Tiếp tục đọc “Nuclear Deterrence in the 21st Century” →

International Atomic Energy Agency reviews Viet Nam’s nuclear power infrastructure development

~ Đào Thu Hằng ~ Bình luận về bài viết này

IAEA.org 12 December 2025 Ninh Thuan Province, Viet Nam

Viet Nam has taken important actions towards adding nuclear power to its energy mix, including in developing the necessary infrastructure for a safe and sustainable nuclear power programme, according to an International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) review mission.

An IAEA team of experts yesterday concluded an 11-day mission to Viet Nam to review its infrastructure development for the Ninh Thuan Nuclear Power Project, which had been stopped in 2016. In 2024, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Viet Nam decided to restart the project and the National Assembly of Viet Nam authorized the Government to allocate the necessary resources for its implementation.

The establishment of nuclear power is an objective of the Revised National Power Development Plan for the period 2021-2030, which considers nuclear power as key for diversifying the national energy mix and strengthening energy security amidst Viet Nam’s steadily rising energy demand and economic growth in recent years.  The plan envisages the commissioning of two nuclear power plants, Ninh Thuan 1 and Ninh Thuan 2, during the 2030–2035 period, with a total capacity of 4,000–6,400 MW.

Tiếp tục đọc “International Atomic Energy Agency reviews Viet Nam’s nuclear power infrastructure development” →

Lessons from the UN’s first resolution on AI in nuclear command and control

~ Đào Thu Hằng ~ Bình luận về bài viết này

thebulletin.org By Alice Saltini | December 22, 2025

Flags of nations in front of the UN headquarters in New York against a blue sky.In November, 115 states voted in favor, eight voted against, and 44 abstained from voting on a resolution adopted by the General Assembly’s First Committee that examines the possible risks of integrating AI into nuclear weapons systems. Image: depositphotos

The United Nations rarely moves fast on disarmament. This year, though, it did something unusual. On November 6, the General Assembly’s First Committee, where states debate over questions of disarmament and international security, adopted a resolution that directly looks at the possible risks of integrating artificial intelligence into nuclear weapons systems, especially in nuclear command, control, and communications, known as NC3. Austria, El Salvador, Kazakhstan, Kiribati, Malta, and Mexico pushed the text, bringing into a formal setting a problem that has mostly lived in expert circles and informal dialogues.

With 115 states voting in favor, eight voting against, and 44 abstaining, support was broad. Nuclear-armed states and many of their allies voted against the resolution or chose to abstain. In contrast, the Global South and most non-nuclear-weapon states expressed strong support. This split reflects how each group views threats and what policies they prioritize. It also reveals how early and unsettled global thinking on AI in the nuclear field still is. Rather than seeing the outcome of the vote as a clear-cut failure or success, it may be best read as an initial test case. In other words, the resolution was an early attempt to translate a fast-moving technical debate into diplomatic language.

Tiếp tục đọc “Lessons from the UN’s first resolution on AI in nuclear command and control” →

Exploited in Russia: African women forced to make drones

~ Đào Thu Hằng ~ Bình luận về bài viết này

DW.com June 14, 2025

They hoped for a better career but ended up in Russia’s war factories. A new study reveals how young women, mainly from Africa, have been being exploited. Some of those affected have shared their stories with DW.

The Alabuga production facility manufactures Geran-2 combat drones based on the Iranian Shahed-136 modelImage: picture alliance / abaca

“I like Russia, its language and culture,” Aminata, 20, told DW. She wants to leave her home country of Sierra Leone in a few weeks to pursue an apprenticeship around 7,000 kilometers (4,300 miles) away in Russia.

Tiếp tục đọc “Exploited in Russia: African women forced to make drones” →

Syria thay triều đổi vị

~ Phạm Thu Hương ~ Bình luận về bài viết này

SÁNG ÁNH – 13/12/2024 14:12 GMT+7

TTCT – Chủ nhật 8-12, Thông tấn xã Tass (Nga) cho biết chuyến bay Syrian Air chở gia đình Tổng thống Syria Bashar al Assad đã đến Matxcơva và ông được Nga cho tị nạn vì lý do nhân đạo.

Thủ lĩnh HTS Abu Mohammad al Julani phát biểu ở đền Hồi Umayyad, thủ đô Damascus, Syria, ngày 8-12. Ảnh: AFP

Vậy là sau 54 năm và hai đời, họ Assad chấm dứt trị vì Syria, 13 năm sau khi đất nước này rơi vào nội chiến và hỗn loạn.

Trước hết, sự sụp đổ của gia tộc Assad cũng là sự sụp đổ của phái Hồi Shia Alawi, vốn chiếm 15% dân số Syria, với 2-3 triệu người ở trong nước, khoảng 1 triệu người đang tị nạn ở Thổ Nhĩ Kỳ (và 100.000-200.000 người nữa mang quốc tịch Lebanon). 

Vào thời thuộc địa, Pháp tuyển giáo phái Alawi vào lực lượng an ninh và quân đội, dùng họ làm công cụ chia rẽ, đàn áp và cai trị Syria, có lúc lập ra một quốc gia riêng cho giáo phái này.

Tiếp tục đọc “Syria thay triều đổi vị” →

How the Belarus-Russia axis works together on anti-EU disinformation push

~ Đào Thu Hằng ~ Bình luận về bài viết này

 euractive.com 26 Jan 2024 (updated:  26 Jan 2024)

President of Belarus Alexander Lukashenko attends the CSTO Collective Security Council meeting in Minsk, Belarus, 23 November 2023. [EPA-EFE/SERGY GUNEEV / KREMLIN / POOL]

 Belarusian propaganda positions the EU as its main enemy, but several other features make it a unique case among its European neighbours.

*The author of this text remains anonymous due to fear of repercussions in their home country.

The most important and, at the same time, the most destructive peculiarity of disinformation in Belarus is strong Russian influence, which has deep historical roots and covers various spheres, from economy and culture to the military sector.

However, nowadays, Russian propaganda is helped by Belarusian colleagues who work to follow the same narrative.

This narrative includes turning EU countries into an economically and politically unstable military threat in the eyes of Belarusians while ignoring benefits and positives.

Tiếp tục đọc “How the Belarus-Russia axis works together on anti-EU disinformation push” →

Loạn Ili và Cộng hòa Đông Turkestan đệ Nhị – Lịch sử từ độc lập tới bị bán đứng của Tân Cương

~ Phạm Thu Hương ~ Bình luận về bài viết này

Nghiên cứu lịch sử – Đăng Phạm

1

Các lãnh đạo Cộng hòa Đông Turkestan đệ Nhị

Ngày nay, chúng ta thường xuyên được chứng kiến những màn đối đầu ngoại giao xung quanh vấn đề Tân Cương. Trong khi nhiều nước liên tục chỉ trích, thậm chí trừng phạt Trung Quốc vì vấn đề người Duy Ngô Nhĩ, thì Trung Quốc bác bỏ cáo quốc và luôn bảo vệ ”sự thống nhất toàn vẹn Trung Quốc”, tố cáo ”chủ nghĩa ly khai Duy Ngô Nhĩ” bị các nước phương Tây lợi dụng chống Trung Quốc.

Nhưng nếu để ý, sẽ thấy một nước lớn là Nga lại khá im tiếng trong vấn đề này, không hùa theo chống Trung Quốc, nhưng cũng không công khai ủng hộ Trung Quốc về vấn đề Tân Cương. Có gì khó lý giải ở đây? Điều đó hoàn toàn lý giải được nếu biết được lịch sử vùng đất Tân Cương từ những năm 1930-1950, để thấy rằng: không ai khác ngoài Stalin và Liên Xô đã đỡ đầu cho Tân Cương độc lập. Và thậm chí trước kia, chính Đảng Cộng sản Trung Quốc của Mao Trạch Đông từng ủng hộ Tân Cương ly khai khỏi Trung Hoa.

Tiếp tục đọc “Loạn Ili và Cộng hòa Đông Turkestan đệ Nhị – Lịch sử từ độc lập tới bị bán đứng của Tân Cương” →

How Russia’s timber trade is sidestepping the EU’s Ukraine war sanctions

~ Đào Thu Hằng ~ Bình luận về bài viết này

icij.org

ICIJ partners in Europe revealed the indirect trade routes used to mask the origins of Russian timber, which continues to flow into the EU despite being banned.

Russia was the EU’s fifth largest trading partner in 2021, exporting more than $3 billion worth of timber to the bloc.

Banned Russian timber is still being imported into the EU despite sanctions to curb timber revenue that helps finance Russia’s war in Ukraine, a new investigation by ICIJ partners in Europe has found.

Paper Trail Media, Der Spiegel, ZDF and others analyzed trade data to trace the pathway of banned wood through third countries, including China, Turkey, Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan.

Russia is one of the world’s largest timber exporters, harboring more than a fifth of the world’s forested areas. In 2021, the country was the European Union’s fifth largest trading partner, exporting more than $3 billion worth of timber to the bloc that year, according to the European Commission.

When Russia invaded Ukraine in February 2022, sanctions swiftly followed, including a total ban on Russian timber imports into the EU from July 2022. While direct trade between Russia and the EU was stymied, new global pathways emerged to traffic illicit wood into the bloc. 

Tiếp tục đọc “How Russia’s timber trade is sidestepping the EU’s Ukraine war sanctions” →

Sudan conflict: how China and Russia are involved and the differences between them

~ Đào Thu Hằng ~ Bình luận về bài viết này

theconversation.com

Published: June 8, 2023 12.44pm BST

As clashes continue between the Sudanese military and rapid support forces, the current and historic role of foreign governments in Sudanese affairs is under close examination.

Unsurprisingly, the Sudan conflict has amplified concerns from the US and other countries about the roles Russia and China are playing in Sudan specifically, and in Africa.

Researchers had been concerned that Beijing’s loans for infrastructure and development to countries including Sudan might be “debt-trap diplomacy”, a predatory attempt to acquire key foreign infrastructure such as ports.

Analysts had previously suggested the implications of China’s growing military engagement with Africa including establishing naval bases and its use of security contractors are examples of Beijing wanting to expand its military power and political influence abroad.

Others have suggested that Russian activity in Africa could be a return to Soviet-era levels of influence through arms sales, joint military exercises, and installing their own set of security contractors to train the Sudanese military.

The Wagner Group, a high profile group of Russian mercenaries, has denied any involvement in events in Sudan, saying in a post on Telegram: “Due to the large number of inquiries from various foreign media about Sudan, most of which are provocative, we consider it necessary to inform everyone that Wagner staff have not been in Sudan for more than two years.”

China favours stability

Our work for PeaceRep, an international research consortium led by Edinburgh law school, suggests that the US and Europe should be cautious about lumping Russia and China’s goals in Africa together. It found that Beijing and Moscow are taking different approaches. China has its own set of interests, but its approach appears to fundamentally favour stability.

As a result, China is keener to work with the broader international community on issues such as peacekeeping and mediation of conflicts. Conversely, Russia pursues its interests in Africa without as much cooperation with international institutions.

Our new report looks at the available data for pre-war Sudan to see how well claims from scholars and commentators match Russia and China’s behaviour.

We consolidated data from the United Nations, Stockholm International Peace Research Institute, the AidData research lab on Chinese and Russian engagement with Sudan, as well as news reports to examine how well the arguments from scholars and policymakers hold up.

Tiếp tục đọc “Sudan conflict: how China and Russia are involved and the differences between them” →

One year on, Pandora Papers continues to be anti-corruption ‘tour de force’

~ Đào Thu Hằng ~ Bình luận về bài viết này

icij.org

From pivotal legislative pushes in the U.S. and elsewhere, to ongoing probes into deposed leaders and tax dodgers, the impact of the largest ever offshore investigation is still being felt around the world.

n Oct. 3, 2021 — one year ago today — the International Consortium of Investigative Journalists and 150 media partners around the globe began rolling out the Pandora Papers, a world-rocking exposé that’s been called “a money bomb with political ripples,” “a financial earthquake” and “one of the essential stories of our time.”

The project took readers deeper than ever inside an offshore financial system that perpetuates corruption and authoritarianism and widens gaps between rich and poor. A U.S. senator called the investigation a “wake-up call to all who care about the future of democracy.”

More than 600 journalists at 151 news organizations in 117 countries worked together to make the Pandora Papers a reality — the largest collaboration in journalism history.

The Pandora Papers’ revelations about the financial secrets of prime ministers, oligarchs, mobsters and other powerful figures spawned action by governments and international groups, triggering investigations, legislation and rule changes in dozens of countries.

Impacts keep coming.

Tiếp tục đọc “One year on, Pandora Papers continues to be anti-corruption ‘tour de force’” →